Study of Ultralow-Cycle Fatigue of Iron-Based SMA in Triaxial Stress States
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 10
Abstract
An experimental study of the ultralow-cycle fatigue of iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) in triaxial stress states was conducted. Monotonic tensile tests of specimens with different geometries were carried out to investigate monotonic mechanical properties of Fe-SMA under various triaxial stress states in terms of stress triaxiality and Lode angle, followed by ultralow cyclic tests (cycles ) which were carried out to study the ultralow-cycle fatigue of Fe-SMA under various loading systems at triaxial stress states. Fe-SMA had nonlinear combined hardening under cyclic loading. A parameter identification method based on an optimization-based algorithm was established to calibrate the constitutive model of Fe-SMA. The initiation and propagation of cracks in the fracture process were different for Fe-SMA under monotonic and cyclic loading. The influences of stress triaxiality and Lode angle on the fracture ductility of Fe-SMA were investigated. An ultralow cyclic fracture criterion, the cyclic Bai–Wierzbicki (CBW) criterion, was established based on the accumulation of ductile damage and the attenuation of ductile damage threshold. The applicability of the calibrated constitutive model and the proposed fracture criterion was validated by simulating the ultralow-cycle fatigue and fracture failures of Fe-SMA.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
Financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52178267 and 52208138), the National Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (PC2022008), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (P22042), and the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (2022-PC-01) are greatly acknowledged.
References
Algarni, M., Y. Choi, and Y. Bai. 2017. “A unified material model for multiaxial ductile fracture and extremely low cycle fatigue of Inconel 718.” Int. J. Fatigue 96 (Mar): 162–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.11.033.
Bai, Y., and T. Wierzbicki. 2008. “A new model of metal plasticity and fracture with pressure and Lode dependence.” Int. J. Plast. 24 (6): 1071–1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijplas.2007.09.004.
Bratton, D., and T. Blackwell. 2008. “A simplified recombinant PSO.” J. Artif. Evol. Appl. 2008: 654184. https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/654184.
Cooke, R., and A. Kanvinde. 2015. “Constitutive parameter calibration for structural steel: Non-uniqueness and loss of accuracy.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 114 (Nov): 394–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.09.004.
Fang, C., W. Wang, Y. Ji, and M. C. H. Yam. 2021. “Superior low-cycle fatigue performance of iron-based SMA for seismic damping application.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 184 (Sep): 106817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106817.
Fang, C., W. Wang, C. Qiu, S. Hu, G. A. MacRae, and M. R. Eatherton. 2022. “Seismic resilient steel structures: A review of research, practice, challenges and opportunities.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 191 (Apr): 107172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107172.
Fritsch, E., M. Izadi, and E. Ghafoori. 2019. “Development of nail-anchor strengthening system with iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) strips.” Constr. Build. Mater. 229 (Dec): 117042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117042.
Ghafoori, E., E. Hosseini, C. Leinenbach, J. Michels, and M. Motavalli. 2017. “Fatigue behavior of a Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy used for prestressed strengthening.” Mater. Des. 133 (Nov): 349–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.07.055.
Habibi, N., A. Ramazani, V. Sundararaghavan, and U. Prahl. 2018. “Failure predictions of DP600 steel sheets using various uncoupled fracture criteria.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 190 (Mar): 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.12.022.
Hosseini, E., E. Ghafoori, C. Leinenbach, M. Motavalli, and S. R. Holdsworth. 2018. “Stress recovery and cyclic behaviour of an Fe–Mn–Si shape memory alloy after multiple thermal activation.” Smart Mater. Struct. 27 (2): 025009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665X/aaa2c9.
Inoue, Y., A. Kushibe, K. Umemura, Y. Mizushima, T. Sawaguchi, T. Nakamura, H. Otsuka, and Y. Chiba. 2021. “Fatigue-resistant Fe-Mn-Si-based alloy seismic dampers to counteract long-period ground motion.” Jpn. Archit. Rev. 4 (1): 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12193.
Kanvinde, A. M., B. V. Fell, I. R. Gomez, and M. Roberts. 2008. “Predicting fracture in structural fillet welds using traditional and micromechanical fracture models.” Eng. Struct. 30 (11): 3325–3335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.05.014.
Kennedy, J., and R. Eberhart. 1995. “Particle swarm optimization.” In Proc., ICNN‘95-Int. Conf. on Neural Networks, 1942–1948. New York: IEEE.
Koc, P., and B. Štok. 2004. “Computer-aided identification of the yield curve of a sheet metal after onset of necking.” Comput. Mater. Sci 31 (1): 155–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2004.02.004.
Koster, M., W. J. Lee, M. Schwarzenberger, and C. Leinenbach. 2015. “Cyclic deformation and structural fatigue behavior of an FE–Mn–Si shape memory alloy.” Mater. Sci. Eng., A 637 (Jun): 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2015.04.028.
Labuz, J. F., and A. Zang. 2012. “Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion.” Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 45 (6): 975–979. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-012-0281-7.
Li, S., J. Lin, H. Zhuge, X. Xie, and C. Cheng. 2022. “Ultra-low cycle fatigue fracture initiation life evaluation of thick-walled steel bridge piers with microscopic damage index under bidirectional cyclic loading.” Structures 43 (Sep): 669–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.06.026.
Liu, X., S. Yan, K. J. R. Rasmussen, and G. G. Deierlein. 2022. “Experimental investigation of the effect of Lode angle on fracture initiation of steels.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 271 (Aug): 108637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108637.
Rice, J. R., and D. M. Tracey. 1969. “On the ductile enlargement of voids in triaxial stress fields.” J. Mech. Phys. Solids 17 (3): 201–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5096(69)90033-7.
Rojob, H., and R. El-Hacha. 2017. “Self-prestressing using iron-based shape memory alloy for flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J. 114 (2): 523–532. https://doi.org/10.14359/51689455.
Rosa, D. I. H., A. Hartloper, A. Castro e Sousa, D. G. Lignos, M. Motavalli, and E. Ghafoori. 2021. “Experimental behavior of iron-based shape memory alloys under cyclic loading histories.” Constr. Build. Mater. 272 (Feb): 121712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121712.
Sato, A., E. Chishima, K. Soma, and T. Mori. 1982. “Shape memory effect in γ⇄ε transformation in Fe-30Mn-1Si alloy single crystals.” Acta Metall. 30 (6): 1177–1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(82)90011-6.
Sawaguchi, T., I. Nikulin, K. Ogawa, K. Sekido, S. Takamori, T. Maruyama, Y. Chiba, A. Kushibe, Y. Inoue, and K. Tsuzaki. 2015. “Designing Fe–Mn–Si alloys with improved low-cycle fatigue lives.” Scr. Mater. 99 (Apr): 49–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2014.11.024.
Sawaguchi, T., P. Sahu, T. Kikuchi, K. Ogawa, S. Kajiwara, A. Kushibe, M. Higashino, and T. Ogawa. 2006. “Vibration mitigation by the reversible fcc/hcp martensitic transformation during cyclic tension–compression loading of an Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloy.” Scr. Mater. 54 (11): 1885–1890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.02.013.
Shahverdi, M., C. Czaderski, and M. Motavalli. 2016. “Iron-based shape memory alloys for prestressed near-surface mounted strengthening of reinforced concrete beams.” Constr. Build. Mater. 112 (Jun): 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.174.
Shahverdi, M., J. Michels, C. Czaderski, and M. Motavalli. 2018. “Iron-based shape memory alloy strips for strengthening RC members: Material behavior and characterization.” Constr. Build. Mater. 173 (Jun): 586–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.057.
Smith, C., A. Ziccarelli, M. Terashima, A. Kanvinde, and G. Deierlein. 2021. “A stress-weighted ductile fracture model for steel subjected to ultra low cycle fatigue.” Eng. Struct. 245 (Oct): 112964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112964.
Smith, C. M., G. Deierlein, and A. M. Kanvinde. 2014. A stress-weight damage model for ductile fracture initiation in structural steel under cyclic loading and generalized stress states. Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ.
Voyiadjis, G. Z., H. Bahrami, and S. H. Hoseini. 2022. “Fracture analysis of shape memory alloy considering the effect of ti-rich areas.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 143 (Jan): 106879.
Wang, B., and S. Zhu. 2022. “Cyclic behavior of iron-based shape memory alloy bars for high-performance seismic devices.” Eng. Struct. 252 (Feb): 113588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113588.
Wang, W., C. Fang, Y. Ji, Y. Lu, and M. C H. Yam. 2022. “Experimental and numerical studies on Fe–Mn–Si alloy dampers for enhanced low-cycle fatigue resistance.” J. Struct. Eng. 148 (11): 04022170. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0003459.
Wang, Y.-Z., A. Kanvinde, G.-Q. Li, and Y.-B. Wang. 2021. “A new constitutive model for high strength structural steels.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 182 (Jul): 106646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2021.106646.
Wang, Y.-Z., G.-Q. Li, Y.-B. Wang, Y.-F. Lyu, and H. Li. 2020. “Ductile fracture of high strength steel under multi-axial loading.” Eng. Struct. 210 (May): 110401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110401.
Wang, Y.-Z., Y.-B. Wang, and G.-Q. Li. 2023. “A three-dimensional constitutive model of high strength structural steels.” Thin-Walled Struct. 185 (Apr): 110589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2023.110589.
Wanniarachchi, S., T. Prabatha, H. Karunathilake, S. Li, M. S. Alam, and K. Hewage. 2022. “Life cycle thinking-based decision making for bridges under seismic conditions. II: A case study on bridges with superelastic SMA RC piers.” J. Bridge Eng. 27 (6): 04022044. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001885.
Xin, H., and M. Veljkovic. 2021. “Evaluation of high strength steels fracture based on uniaxial stress-strain curves.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 120 (Feb): 105025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.105025.
Xue, L. 2007. “Ductile fracture modeling: Theory, experimental investigation and numerical verification.” Doctoral dissertation, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Yin, S., N. Zhang, P. Liu, J. Liu, T. Yu, S. Gu, and Y. Cong. 2021. “Dynamic fracture analysis of the linearly uncoupled and coupled physical phenomena by the variable-node multiscale XFEM.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 254 (Sep): 107941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2021.107941.
Yoshinaka, F., T. Sawaguchi, N. Ilya, S. Takamori, and N. Nagashima. 2019. “Improved fatigue life of the newly developed Fe-15Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si seismic damping alloy.” Procedia Struct. Integrity 19 (Jan): 214–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2019.12.023.
Yu, S., L. Cai, D. Yao, and C. Bao. 2020. “Critical ductile fracture criterion based on first principal stress and stress triaxiality.” Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 109 (Oct): 102696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tafmec.2020.102696.
Zhang, J., C. Fang, M. C. H. Yam, and C. Lin. 2022a. “Fe-Mn-Si alloy U-shaped dampers with extraordinary low-cycle fatigue resistance.” Eng. Struct. 264 (Aug): 114475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114475.
Zhang, J.-Z., G.-Q. Li, Y.-Z. Wang, and H. Li. 2022b. “Quantification of the critical displacement initiating collapse of steel moment frames due to an interior column loss.” J. Build. Eng. 54 (Aug): 104664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104664.
Zhang, P., D. Z. Zhang, and B. Zhong. 2022c. “Constitutive and damage modelling of selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4V lattice structure subjected to low cycle fatigue.” Int. J. Fatigue 159 (Jun): 106800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2022.106800.
Zhu, Y., M. D. Engelhardt, and R. Kiran. 2018. “Combined effects of triaxiality, Lode parameter and shear stress on void growth and coalescence.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 199 (Aug): 410–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.06.008.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 10 • October 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 7, 2022
Accepted: Mar 13, 2023
Published online: Jul 24, 2023
Published in print: Oct 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 24, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Continuum mechanics
- Cracking
- Cyclic loads
- Dynamic loads
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering mechanics
- Fatigue (material)
- Fatigue tests
- Fracture mechanics
- Geomechanics
- Geotechnical engineering
- Laboratory tests
- Load tests
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Soil dynamics
- Soil mechanics
- Solid mechanics
- Stress (by type)
- Stress analysis
- Structural analysis
- Structural dynamics
- Structural engineering
- Tests (by type)
- Triaxial loads
- Triaxial tests
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.