Biomodification of Bond Performance of Coconut Fiber in Cement Mortar to Enhance Damping Behavior
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 10
Abstract
In this study, bio-modified coconut fiber as a renewable and eco-friendly material was used to enhance the damping properties of cement mortar and reduce the adverse effects of vibration. The chemical bonds, relative crystallinity and microscopic morphology test results of original and bio-modified coconut fibers were compared and analyzed to explore the effect of biomodification with laccase on the physicochemical properties of coconut fibers. The compressive strengths, porosities, densities, and damping properties of cement mortars were tested and used to evaluate the effect of biomodified fiber on the properties of samples. The loss of compressive strength caused by incorporating fiber was effectively reduced with biomodification treatment. More specifically, the compressive strengths of cement mortar containing 0.5 vol.% original fiber were decreased by 36.84% compared with plain cement mortar (41.04 MPa), while the cement mortar with 0.5 vol.% biomodified fiber exhibited a much higher compressive strength of 35.8 MPa. The strength improvement effect can be attributed to the lower air-entrainment effect of biomodified fiber. Moreover, the damping enhancement effect of fiber was also effectively enhanced with biomodification treatment. The loss tangent of the cement mortar containing 0.5 vol.% biomodified fiber was 17.97% higher than that of cement mortar with 0.5 vol.% original fiber and 26.82% higher than that of plain cement mortar, respectively. An interfacial slip model was further established to explain the damping enhancement mechanism.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51872064 and 52178196) and the State Key Laboratory of Solid waste Reuse for Building Materials (No. SWR-2020-005, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research, China).
References
Ali, A. M., J. Alexander, and T. Ray. 2019. “Frequency-independent hysteretic dampers for mitigating wind-induced vibrations of tall buildings.” Struct. Control Health Monit. 26 (5): e2341. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2341.
Ali, M., A. Liu, H. Sou, and N. Chouw. 2012. “Mechanical and dynamic properties of coconut fibre reinforced concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 30 (May): 814–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.12.068.
Andic-Cakir, O., M. Sarikanat, H. B. Tufekci, C. Demirci, and U. H. Erdogan. 2014. “Physical and mechanical properties of randomly oriented coir fiber–cementitious composites.” Composites, Part B 61 (May): 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.01.029.
Asasutjarit, C., J. Hirunlabh, J. Khedari, S. Charoenvai, B. Zeghmati, and U. C. Shin. 2007. “Development of coconut coir-based lightweight cement board.” Constr. Build. Mater. 21 (2): 277–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.08.028.
Banuls-Ciscar, J., D. Pratelli, M.-L. Abel, and J. F. Watts. 2016. “Surface characterisation of pine wood by XPS.” Surf. Interface Anal. 48 (7): 589–592. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5960.
Basu, G., L. Mishra, S. Jose, and A. K. Samanta. 2015. “Accelerated retting cum softening of coconut fibre.” Ind. Crops Prod. 77 (Dec): 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.012.
Biswas, D., S. K. Chakrabarti, S. De, and R. Paral. 2016. “Eco-friendly degumming technology for ramie fiber.” J. Nat. Fibers 13 (2): 227–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2015.1005327.
Chung, D. D. L. 2019. “Interface-derived solid-state viscoelasticity exhibited by nanostructured and microstructured materials containing carbons or ceramics.” Carbon 144 (Apr): 567–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.097.
Cong, X., Z. Tang, S. Lu, Y. Tan, C. Wang, L. Yang, and X. Shi. 2021. “Effect of rice husk ash surface modification by silane coupling agents on damping capacity of cement-based pastes.” Constr. Build. Mater. 296 (Aug): 123730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123730.
de Almeida Melo Filho, J., F. de Andrade Silva, and R. D. Toledo Filho. 2013. “Degradation kinetics and aging mechanisms on sisal fiber cement composite systems.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 40 (Jul): 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.04.003.
Dong, A., X. Fan, Q. Wang, Y. Yu, P. Wang, J. Yuan, and A. Cavaco-Paulo. 2018. “Changes on content, structure and surface distribution of lignin in jute fibers after laccase treatment.” J. Nat. Fibers 15 (3): 384–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2017.1330719.
Eltayeb, E., X. Ma, Y. Zhuge, O. Youssf, and J. E. Mills. 2020. “Influence of rubber particles on the properties of foam concrete.” J. Build. Eng. 30 (Jul): 101217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101217.
Fan, F., M. Zhu, K. Fang, J. Xie, Z. Deng, X. Wang, Z. Zhang, and X. Cao. 2021. “Comparative study on enhanced pectinase and alkali-oxygen degummings of sisal fibers.” Cellulose 28 (13): 8375–8386. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04090-4.
Friis, T., E. I. Katsanos, M. Saberi, and H. H. H. Koss. 2021. “Two-level friction damping and its application for passive multi-functional vibration control of high-rise buildings.” Eng. Struct. 239 (Jul): 112310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112310.
Fu, L.-H., M.-G. Ma, J. Bian, F. Deng, and X. Du. 2014. “Research on the formation mechanism of composites from lignocelluloses and CaCO3.” Mater. Sci. Eng., C 44 (Nov): 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.08.029.
Giner, V. T., S. Ivorra, F. J. Baeza, E. Zornoza, and B. Ferrer. 2011. “Silica fume admixture effect on the dynamic properties of concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (8): 3272–3277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.03.014.
Girijappa, Y. G. T., S. M. Rangappa, J. Parameswaranpillai, and S. Siengchin. 2019. “Natural fibers as sustainable and renewable resource for development of eco-friendly composites: A comprehensive review.” Front. Mater. 6 (Sep): 226. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2019.00226.
Ko, C.-H., C.-Y. Yang, F.-C. Chang, and L.-D. Lin. 2019. “Effect of Paenibacillus cellulase pretreatment for fiber surface.” J. Environ. Manage. 241 (Jul): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.133.
Kocaefe, D., X. Huang, Y. Kocaefe, and Y. Boluk. 2013. “Quantitative characterization of chemical degradation of heat-treated wood surfaces during artificial weathering using XPS.” Surf. Interface Anal. 45 (2): 639–649. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5104.
Lee, K. S., J. I. Choi, S. E. Park, J. S. Hwang, and B. Y. Lee. 2018. “Damping property of prepacked concrete incorporating coarse aggregates coated with polyurethane.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 93 (Oct): 301–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.06.018.
Lei, B., H. Liu, Z. Yao, and Z. Tang. 2019. “Experimental study on the compressive strength, damping and interfacial transition zone properties of modified recycled aggregate concrete.” R. Soc. Open Sci. 6 (12): 190813. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.190813.
Li, B., X. Ling, X. Liu, Q. Li, and W. Chen. 2019a. “Hydration of portland cements in solutions containing high concentration of borate ions: Effects of LiOH.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 102 (Sep): 94–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.04.010.
Li, Q., Z. Liu, W. Chen, B. Yuan, X. Liu, and W. Chen. 2019b. “A novel bio-inspired bone-mimic self-healing cement paste based on hydroxyapatite formation.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 104 (Nov): 103357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.103357.
Li, R., P. Hou, N. Xie, Z. Ye, X. Cheng, and S. P. Shah. 2018. “Design of hybrid nanocomposite for surface treatment of cement-based materials.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 87 (Mar): 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2017.12.008.
Long, W.-J., H.-D. Li, L. Mei, W. Li, F. Xing, and K. H. Khayat. 2021. “Damping characteristics of PVA fiber-reinforced cementitious composite containing high-volume fly ash under frequency-temperature coupling effects.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 118 (Apr): 103911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103911.
Long, W.-J., Z. Wu, K. H. Khayat, J. Wei, B. Dong, F. Xing, and J. Zhang. 2022. “Design, dynamic performance and ecological efficiency of fiber-reinforced mortars with different binder systems: Ordinary portland cement, limestone calcined clay cement and alkali-activated slag.” J. Cleaner Prod. 337 (Feb): 130478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130478.
Lu, L., J. Xu, Y. Zhou, W. Lu, and B. F. Spencer Jr. 2021. “Viscous inertial mass damper (VIMD) for seismic responses control of the coupled adjacent buildings.” Eng. Struct. 233 (Apr): 111876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.111876.
Matusinovic, T., J. Sipusic, and N. Vrbos. 2003. “Porosity–strength relation in calcium aluminate cement pastes.” Cem. Concr. Res. 33 (11): 1801–1806. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(03)00201-1.
Mavropoulou, N., N. Katsiotis, J. Giannakopoulos, K. Koutsodontis, D. Papageorgiou, E. Chaniotakis, M. Katsioti, and P. E. Tsakiridis. 2016. “Durability evaluation of cement exposed to combined action of chloride and sulphate ions at elevated temperature: The role of limestone filler.” Constr. Build. Mater. 124 (Oct): 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.134.
Meng, C., and C. Yu. 2013. “Study on the oxidation degumming of ramie fiber.” In Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Chemical, Metallurgical Engineering (ICCMME 2013), 1497–1500. Pfaffikon, Switzerland: Advanced Materials Research.
Moshi, A. M. A., D. Ravindran, S. S. R. Bharathi, S. Indran, and S. G. Priyadharshini. 2020. “Characterization of surface-modified natural cellulosic fiber extracted from the root of Ficus religiosa tree.” Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 156 (Aug): 997–1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.117.
Moustafa, A., and M. A. ElGawady. 2015. “Mechanical properties of high strength concrete with scrap tire rubber.” Constr. Build. Mater. 93 (Sep): 249–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.115.
Noushini, A., B. Samali, and K. Vessalas. 2013. “Effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibre on dynamic and material properties of fibre reinforced concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 49 (Dec): 374–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.08.035.
Oliveira, L. A., J. C. Santos, T. H. Panzera, R. T. S. Freire, L. M. G. Vieira, and F. Scarpa. 2018. “Evaluation of hybrid-short-coir-fibre-reinforced composites via full factorial design.” Compos. Struct. 202 (Oct): 313–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.088.
Pan, X., C. Shi, X. Hu, and Z. Ou. 2017. “Effects of surface treatment on strength and permeability of one-day-aged cement mortar.” Constr. Build. Mater. 154 (Nov): 1087–1095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.216.
Park, S.-E., C. Jeong-Il, and L. B. Yeon. 2018. “Effect of polyurethane coating of aggregates on the damping ratio of concrete.” J. Wind Eng. Inst. Korea 22 (2): 63–68.
Prasad, N., V. K. Agarwal, and S. Sinha. 2018. “Thermal degradation of coir fiber reinforced low-density polyethylene composites.” Sci. Eng. Compos. Mater. 25 (2): 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0422.
Shu, T., Y. Bai, Y.-W. Wang, H.-H. Wang, P.-D. Li, M.-X. Xiang, T.-Y. Yu, H. Xu, and L.-J. Yu. 2020. “A high-efficiency and eco-friendly degumming process for ramie fibers.” J. Cleaner Prod. 276 (Dec): 124217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124217.
Skripkiunas, G., A. Grinys, and K. Miskinis. 2009. “Damping properties of concrete with rubber waste additives.” Mater. Sci. 15 (3): 266–272.
Tang, Z., G. Li, S. Lu, J. Wang, and L. Chi. 2022. “Enhance mechanical damping behavior of RHA-cement mortar with bionic inorganic-organic laminated structures.” Constr. Build. Mater. 323 (Mar): 126521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126521.
Teixeira, J. N., D. W. Silva, A. P. Vilela, H. Savastano Junior, L. E. V. de Siqueira Brandão Vaz, and R. F. Mendes. 2020. “Lignocellulosic materials for fiber cement production.” Waste Biomass Valorization 11 (5): 2193–2200. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0536-y.
Tian, W., Y. Liu, and W. Wang. 2021. “Multi-structural evolution of conductive reactive powder concrete manufactured by enhanced ohmic heating curing.” Cem. Concr. Compos. 123 (Oct): 104199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2021.104199.
Tian, W., Y. Liu, and W. Wang. 2022. “Enhanced ohmic heating and chloride adsorption efficiency of conductive seawater cementitious composite: Effect of non-conductive nano-silica.” Composites, Part B 236 (May): 109854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109854.
Tian, W., M. Wang, Y. Liu, and W. Wang. 2020a. “Ohmic heating curing of high content fly ash blended cement-based composites towards sustainable green construction materials used in severe cold region.” J. Cleaner Prod. 276 (Dec): 123300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123300.
Tian, Y., X. Yan, M. Zhang, T. Yang, J. Zhang, and Z. Wang. 2020b. “Effect of the characteristics of lightweight aggregates presaturated polymer emulsion on the mechanical and damping properties of concrete.” Constr. Build. Mater. 253 (Aug): 119154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119154.
Tonoli, G. H. D., M. N. Belgacem, J. Bras, M. A. Pereira-da-Silva, F. A. Rocco Lahr, and H. Savastano. 2012. “Impact of bleaching pine fibre on the fibre/cement interface.” J. Mater. Sci. 47 (9): 4167–4177. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6271-z.
Troncoso-Ortega, E., R. D. P. Castillo, P. Reyes-Contreras, P. Castano-Rivera, R. Teixeira Mendonca, N. Schiappacasse, and C. Parra. 2021. “Effects on lignin redistribution in Eucalyptus globulus fibres pre-treated by steam explosion: A microscale study to cellulose accessibility.” Biomolecules 11 (4): 507. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11040507.
Twebaze, C., M. Zhang, X. Zhuang, M. Kimani, G. Zheng, and Z. Wang. 2022. “Banana fiber degumming by alkali treatment and ultrasonic methods.” J. Nat. Fibers 19 (16): 12911–12923. https://doi.org/10.1080/15440478.2022.2079581.
Xu, Y., R. Yang, P. Chen, J. Ge, J. Liu, and H. Xie. 2022. “Experimental study on energy and failure characteristics of rubber-cement composite short-column under cyclic loading.” Case Stud. Constr. Mater. 16 (Jun): e00885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e00885.
Xu, Y. S., and D. D. L. Chung. 2000. “Improving silica fume cement by using silane.” Cem. Concr. Res. 30 (8): 1305–1311. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00337-9.
Yadav, K. K., H. Singh, S. Rana, H. Sammi, S. T. Nishanthi, R. Wadhwa, N. Khan, and M. Jha. 2020. “Utilization of waste coir fibre architecture to synthesize porous graphene oxide and their derivatives: An efficient energy storage material.” J. Cleaner Prod. 276 (Dec): 124240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124240.
Yan, L., N. Chouw, L. Huang, and B. Kasal. 2016. “Effect of alkali treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of coir fibres, coir fibre reinforced-polymer composites and reinforced-cementitious composites.” Constr. Build. Mater. 112 (Jun): 168–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.02.182.
Yaogang, T., S. Shi, J. Kan, and S. Hu. 2015. “Mechanical and dynamic properties of high strength concrete modified with lightweight aggregates presaturated polymer emulsion.” Constr. Build. Mater. 93 (Sep): 1151–1156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.015.
Yu, P., Z. Wang, P. Lai, P. Zhang, and J. Wang. 2019a. “Evaluation of mechanic damping properties of montmorillonite/organo-modified montmorillonite-reinforced cement paste.” Constr. Build. Mater. 203 (Apr): 356–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.110.
Yu, P., Z. Wang, S. Lu, and P. Lai. 2019b. “Effects of carbon nanofibers and carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on mechanical damping behavior of cement paste.” J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 19 (1): 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16465.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 10 • October 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 8, 2022
Accepted: Mar 15, 2023
Published online: Jul 25, 2023
Published in print: Oct 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 25, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.