Fracture Mechanism of Steel Q370 under Strong Corrosion Based on Surface Morphology
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 6
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation, including experimental research, finite-element analysis, and theoretical derivation, was thoroughly carried out on the steel Q370 under strong corrosion to study its fracture mechanism further. Twenty-seven steel specimens were corroded by 36% industrial hydrochloric acid for 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. In particular, a three-dimensional (3D) noncontact laser scanner measured the size of pits and roughness of the steel surface. To sum up, on the condition that the corrosion time has leaped, the section loss rate mushroomed nonlinearly. An inflection point in the curve of section loss rate occurs at 12 h, and then the growth in section loss rate keeps steady. Moreover, three-dimensional roughness parameters , , and from 3D scanning have a linear increase, and both and have a nonlinear increase; notwithstanding, has a nonlinear reduction. This finding means growth of surface roughness in corroded specimens. Furthermore, considering the increase in the number of pits and the cross-section reduction, the specimen shows an obvious upward trend in fracture parameters. In this study, the cavitation growth and stress-modified critical strain models were modified to establish a strong corrosion fracture model of steel Q370, including von Mises stress, hydrostatic stress, equivalent plastic strain, and corrosion time. The fracture displacement errors with the comparison of test and finite-element values are within 7%, indicating that the fracture model can precisely simulate the fracture of steel Q370 after strong corrosion. This research can present a reference for the engineering application and subsequent investigation of steel Q370 that suffered strong corrosion.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant Nos. 2021JM-434 and 2021JQ-648), Shaanxi Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 2022JC-23), and Education Department Project of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 20JK0678).
References
Ahmmad, M. M., and Y. Sumi. 2009. “Strength and deformability of corroded steel plates under quasi-static tensile load.” J. Mar. Sci. Technol. 15 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-009-0066-1.
Bajracharya, S., E. Sasaki, and H. Tamura. 2019. “Numerical study on corrosion profile estimation of a corroded steel plate using eddy current.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 15 (9): 1151–1164. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2019.1615961.
Calabrese, L., and V. Fiore. 2020. “A simplified predictive approach to assess the mechanical behavior of pinned hybrid composites aged in salt-fog environment.” Composite Struct. 249 (Oct): 112589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112589.
CS (Chinese Standards). 2018. Low alloy high strength structural steel. [In Chinese.] GB/T 1591-2018. Beijing: China Planning Press.
CS (Chinese Standards). 2021. Metallic materials-tensile testing-part 1: Method of test at room temperature. GB/T 228.1-2021. Beijing: China Planning Press.
Diaz, I., H. Cano, D. De la Fuente, B. Chico, J. M. Vega, and M. Morcillo. 2021. “Atmospheric corrosion of Ni-advanced weathering steels in marine atmospheres of moderate salinity.” Corros. Sci. 76 (2): 348–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2013.06.053.
Garbatov, Y., C. Guedes Soares, and J. Parunov. 2014. “Tensile strength assessment of corroded small scale specimens.” Corros. Sci. 85 (Aug): 296–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2014.04.031.
Guo, Z., Y. Ma, and L. Wang. 2019. “Modelling guidelines for corrosion-fatigue life prediction of concrete bridges: Considering corrosion pit as a notch or crack.” Eng. Fail. Anal. 105 (Nov): 883–895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2019.07.046.
Kainuma, S., Y.-S. Jeong, and J.-H. Ahn. 2014. “Investigation on the stress concentration effect at the corroded surface achieved by atmospheric exposure test.” Mater. Sci. Eng., A 602 (Apr): 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.02.056.
Kaita, T., J. M. R. S. Appuhamy, and K. Itogawa. 2011. “Experimental study on remaining strength estimation of corroded wide steel plates under tensile force.” Procedia Eng. 14: 2707–2713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.340.
Kalin, M., A. Pogačnik, and I. Etsion. 2016. “Comparing surface topography parameters of rough surfaces obtained with spectral moments and deterministic methods.” Tribol. Int. 93 (Part A): 137–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.09.013.
Li, R., C. Miao, and J. Yu. 2020. “Effect of characteristic parameters of pitting on strength and stress concentration factor of cable steel wire.” Constr. Build. Mater. 240 (Apr): 117915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117915.
Nie, B., S. Xu, and J. Yu. 2019. “Experimental investigation of mechanical properties of corroded cold-formed steels.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 162 (Nov): 105706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.105706.
Pidaparti, R. M., and A. S. Rao. 2008. “Analysis of pits induced stresses due to metal corrosion.” Corros. Sci. 50 (7): 1932–1938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.05.003.
Qian, L. Y., W. T. Ji, X. C. Wang, C. Y. Sun, and T. Y. Ma. 2020. “Research on fracture mechanism and prediction of high-strength steel sheet under different stress states.” J. Mech. Eng. 56 (24): 72–80. https://doi.org/10.3901/JME.2020.24.072.
Qin, G.-C., S.-H. Xu, and D.-Q. Yao. 2016. “Study on the degradation of mechanical properties of corroded steel plates based on surface topography.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 125 (Oct): 205–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.06.018.
Rajput, A., and J. K. Paik. 2021. “Effects of naturally-progressed corrosion on the chemical and mechanical properties of structural steels.” Structures 29 (Feb): 2120–2138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.06.014.
Ren, S. B., Y. Gu, C. Kong, and S. Gu. 2021. “Effects of the corrosion pitting parameters on the mechanical properties of corroded steel.” Constr. Build. Mater. 272 (Feb): 121941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121941.
Sajid, H. U., and R. Kiran. 2018. “Influence of corrosion and surface roughness on wettability of ASTM A36 steels.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 144 (May): 310–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.01.023.
Turnbull, A., L. Wright, and L. Crocker. 2010. “New insight into the pit-to-crack transition from finite element analysis of the stress and strain distribution around a corrosion pit.” Corros. Sci. 52 (4): 1492–1498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.12.004.
Wang, G., Y. Ma, and L. Wang. 2020. “Numerical investigation of stress concentration factor induced by multiple scenarios of adjacent corrosion pits.” Structures 26 (Aug): 572–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2020.04.045.
Wang, H., S. H. Xu, Y. D. Wang, and A. B. Li. 2018. “Effect of pitting degradation on ductile fracture initiation of steel butt-welded joints.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 148 (Sep): 436–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2018.06.001.
Wang, Y., S. Xu, and H. Wang. 2017. “Predicting the residual strength and deformability of corroded steel plate based on the corrosion morphology.” Constr. Build. Mater. 152 (Oct): 777–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.035.
Wang, Y., H. Zhou, and Y. Shi. 2011. “Fracture prediction of welded steel connections using traditional fracture mechanics and calibrated micromechanics based models.” Int. J. Steel Struct. 11 (3): 351–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-011-3010-2.
Wang, Y.-D., S.-H. Xu, and S.-B. Ren. 2016. “An experimental-numerical combined method to determine the true constitutive relation of tensile specimens after necking.” Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2016: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6015752.
Xu, S., H. Wang, A. Li, Y. Wang, and L. Su. 2016. “Effects of corrosion on surface characterization and mechanical properties of butt-welded joints.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 126 (Nov): 50–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.07.001.
Xu, S. H., and Y.-D. Wang. 2015. “Estimating the effects of corrosion pits on the fatigue life of steel plate based on the 3D profile.” Int. J. Fatigue 72 (Mar): 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.11.003.
Xu, S.-H., S.-B. Ren, and Y.-D. Wang. 2015a. “Three-dimensional surface parameters and multi-fractal spectrum of corroded steel.” PLoS One 10 (6): e0131361. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0131361.
Xu, S.-H., Y.-D. Wang, and Q.-F. Xue. 2015b. “Evaluation indicators and Extraction method for pitting corrosion of structural steel.” J. Harbin Inst. Technol. 22 (3): 15–21. https://doi.org/10.11916/j.issn.1005-9113.2015.03.003.
Xue, L., Y. Ding, and K. G. Pradeep. 2022. “The grain size effect on corrosion property of high-entropy alloy in marine environment.” Corros. Sci. 208 (Nov): 110625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2022.110625.
Zhang, H., S. Xu, and B. Nie. 2019. “Effect of corrosion on the fracture properties of steel plates.” Constr. Build. Mater. 225 (Nov): 1202–1213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.345.
Zhang, H., S. Xu, and Z. Zhang. 2021. “Fracture analysis of corroded cold-formed thin steel plates based on actual morphology using micromechanical models.” Constr. Build. Mater. 267 (Jan): 120899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120899.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 6 • June 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 26, 2022
Accepted: Oct 24, 2022
Published online: Apr 5, 2023
Published in print: Jun 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Sep 5, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.