Abstract
Overland flow is often generated by moving rainstorms and is modeled using the kinematic wave theory. In overland flow modeling, it is usually assumed that rainstorms are stationary and occur over the entire watershed. Consequently, studies on overland flow modeling considering moving storms have been limited. Storms may move from upstream to downstream, downstream to upstream, or across stream. Likewise, storms can occur over the entire watershed or a portion thereof, which can be upstream, downstream, in the center, or at different portions. Studies that have considered moving rainstorms have assumed that storm velocity is the same as flow velocity. However, it is not uncommon that storms move at a velocity slower than flow velocity, and such storms have not been considered in the studies. For such storms, the structure of the solution domain and, in turn, of the kinematic wave solution becomes quite different and has not yet been reported in the hydrologic literature. The objective of this paper therefore is to derive an analytical solution of the kinematic wave equation under the condition that a rainstorm is moving at a velocity slower than flow velocity. Field or laboratory observations on storms moving at a velocity slower than flow velocity are not available. Therefore, validation of the derived solution is not the objective here, because without data, the analytical solution cannot be verified.
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Data Availability Statement
No data, models, or code were generated or used during the study.
Acknowledgments
Mr. Jeongwoo Han, Ph.D. Student, Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, helped with the construction of figures, and his help is gratefully acknowledged.
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© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 29, 2022
Accepted: Jun 12, 2023
Published online: Sep 5, 2023
Published in print: Nov 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Feb 5, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Climates
- Continuum mechanics
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering mechanics
- Environmental engineering
- Flow (fluid dynamics)
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Fluid velocity
- Hydrologic engineering
- Kinematic waves
- Meteorology
- Overland flow
- Precipitation
- Rainfall
- River engineering
- Rivers and streams
- Solid mechanics
- Storms
- Water and water resources
- Wave equations
- Wave velocity
- Waves (mechanics)
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