Laboratory Investigation of the Effect of Air Injection and Trapezoidal Collar on Reducing Local Scouring around Bridge Pier
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 149, Issue 11
Abstract
Air jet system (AJS) models are assessed on the upstream face of a cylindrical pier at six depths. The system can reduce scouring by reducing the upstream vertical velocity of the pier and the downflow strength. The efficiency of the AJS against local scouring depends on the air outlet nozzle placement depth; the greatest scour reduction of 29% occurs when the air outlet nozzle is installed at the lowest depth (exactly on the bed). Various trapezoidal collar (TC) shapes and sizes are assessed. The collar with a length three times the pier diameter and a width twice the pier diameter allows a 59% reduction in scouring. There is no delay in onset of pier scouring for the collar models with the same width as the pier diameter. The combined air jet system–trapezoidal collar (AJS-TC) model reduces the local scouring rate by 82%. The primary capabilities of AJS-TC models are energizing the boundary layer, encountering the downflow, and direct bed coverage. In assessing the turbulence intensity profiles, it is revealed that: (1) the coherent air jet reduces the turbulence intensity; and (2) the discrete air bubbles increase the turbulence intensity rate.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published paper.
Acknowledgments
Appreciations are extended to Mahpari Zamani, Fatemeh Avazpour (Yazd University), Mahta Amanian (University of British Columbia), and Sina Alirezaie for their skilled scientific and technical assistance.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 149 • Issue 11 • November 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 11, 2022
Accepted: Jun 18, 2023
Published online: Aug 23, 2023
Published in print: Nov 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jan 23, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Aerospace engineering
- Aircraft and spacecraft
- Bridge tests
- Engineering fundamentals
- Field tests
- Flow (fluid dynamics)
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Fluid velocity
- Hydraulic engineering
- Hydraulic structures
- Hydraulics
- Hydrologic engineering
- Piers
- Ports and harbors
- River and stream beds
- River engineering
- Rivers and streams
- Scour
- Tests (by type)
- Turbulence
- Water and water resources
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