Discussion of “Effect of Viscoplasticity on Localization in Saturated Clays and Plastic Silts”
This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEPublication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 150, Issue 2
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
ASTM. 2017. Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (Unified Soil Classification System). West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2022. Standard terminology relative to soil, rock and contained fluids. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Bjerrum, L. 1955. “Stability of natural slopes in quick clay.” Géotechnique 5 (1): 101–119. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1955.5.1.101.
Blaker, Ø., R. Carroll, P. Paniagua, D. J. DeGroot, and J.-S. L’Heureux. 2019. “Halden research site: Geotechnical characterization of post-glacial silt.” AIMS Geosci. 5 (2): 184–234. https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2019.2.184.
Blaker, Ø., and D. J. DeGroot. 2020. “Intact, disturbed and reconstituted undrained shear behavior of low-plasticity natural silt.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 46 (5): 14. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002299.
Clough, G. W., and M. W. Reed. 1984. “Measured behavior of braced wall in very soft clay.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div. 110 (1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1984)110:1(1).
D’Appolonia, D. J., T. W. Lambe, and H. G. Poulos. 1971a. “Evaluation of pore pressures beneath an embankment.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div. 97 (6): 881–897. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSFEAQ.0001616.
D’Appolonia, D. J., H. G. Poulos, and C. C. Ladd. 1971b. “Initial settlement of structures on clay.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div. 97 (10): 1359–1377. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSFEAQ.0001677.
Dascal, O., J. P. Tournier, F. Tavenas, and P. LaRochelle. 1972. “Failure of a test embankment on sensitive clay.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., Specialty Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures: Part 1, 129–158. Reston, VA: ASCE.
D’Ignazio, M., T. T. Länsivaava, and H. P. Jostad. 2017. “Failure in anistropic sensitive clays: Finite element study of Perniö failure test.” Can. Geotech. J. 54 (7): 1013–1033. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2015-0313.
Eide, O., and L. Bjerrum. 1955. “The slide at Bekkelaget.” Géotechnique 5 (1): 88–100. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1955.5.1.88.
Eide, O., and S. Holmberg. 1972. “Test fills to failure on soft Bangkok clay.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., ASCE Spec. Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures, 151–180. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Fellenius, B. 1955. “The landslide at Guntroup.” Géotechnique 5 (1): 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1955.5.1.120.
Foott, R., D. C. Koutsoftas, and L. D. Handfelt. 1987. “Test fill at Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong.” J. Geotech. Eng. 113 (2): 106–126. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1987)113:2(106).
Gylland, A. S., H. P. Jostad, and S. Nordal. 2014. “Experimental study of strain localization in sensitive clays.” Acta Geotech. 9 (2): 227–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-013-0217-8.
Höeg, K., O. B. Andersland, and E. N. Rolfsen. 1969. “Undrained behavior of quick clay under load tests at Asrum.” Géotechnique 19 (1): 101–115.
Koutsoftas, D. C. 2021. “Discussion of ‘Intact, disturbed and reconstituted undrained shear behavior of low-plasticity natural silt’ by Øyvind Blaker and Don J. DeGroot.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. 146 (8): 04020062. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0002299.
Koutsoftas, D. C., and J. A. Fischer. 1976. “In-situ undrained shear strength of two marine clays.” J. Geotech. Eng. Div. 102 (9): 989–1005. https://doi.org/10.1061/AJGEB6.0000327.
Koutsoftas, D. C., and C. C. Ladd. 1985. “Design strengths for an offshore clay.” J. Geotech. Eng. 111 (3): 337–355. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1985)111:3(337).
Ladd, C. C. 1972. “Test embankment on sensitive clay.” In Vol. I of Proc., ASCE Spec. Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures, 101–128. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Ladd, C. C. 1975. Foundation design of embankments constructed on Connecticut Valley varved clays. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ladd, C. C. 1991. “Stability evaluation during staged construction.” J. Geotech. Eng. 117 (4): 540–615. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1991)117:4(540).
Ladd, C. C., and D. J. DeGroot. 2003. “Recommended practice for soft ground site characterization: Arthur Casagrande lecture.” In Proc., 12th Panamerican Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, edited by P. J. Culligan, H. H. Einstein, and A. J. Whittle, 3–57. Essen, Germany: Verlag Glückauf.
Ladd, C. C., and L. Edgers. 1972. Consolidated undrained direct-simple shear tests on saturated clays. Madison, WI: Soils Publication.
Ladd, C. C., R. Foott, K. Ishihara, F. Schlosser, and H. G. Poulos. 1977. “Stress-deformation and strength characteristics: SOA report.” In Vol. 2 of Proc., 9th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 421–494. Tokyo: Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.
La Rochelle, P., B. Trak, F. Tavenas, and M. Roy. 1974. “Failure of a test embankment on a sensitive Champlain clay deposit.” Can. Geotech. J. 11 (1): 142–164. https://doi.org/10.1139/t74-009.
Lefebvre, G., and D. LeBoeuf. 1987. “Rate effects and cyclic loading of sensitive clays.” J. Geotech. Eng. 113 (5): 476–489. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1987)113:5(476).
Lefebvre, G., D. LeBoeuf, P. Hornych, and L. Tanguay. 1992. “Slope failures associated with the 1988 Saguenay earthquake, Quebec, Canada.” Can. Geotech. J. 29 (1): 117–130. https://doi.org/10.1139/t92-013.
L’Heureux, J. S., A. Lindgärd, and A. Emdal. 2019. “The Tiller-Flotten research site: Geotechnical characterization of a very sensitive clay deposit.” Ames Geosci. 5 (4): 831–867. https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2019.4.831.
Lunne, T., T. Berre, K. H. Andersen, S. Strandvik, and M. Sjursent. 2006. “Effects of sample disturbance and consolidation procedures on measured shear strength of soft marine Norwegian clays.” Can. Geotech. J. 43 (7): 726–750. https://doi.org/10.1139/t06-040.
Sangrey, D. A. 1972. “Naturally cemented sensitive soils.” Geotechique 22 (1): 139–152. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1972.22.1.139.
Taylor, H. T., and A. L. Buchignani. 1972. “Field test of debris fill over soft soil.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., Specialty Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures, Part II, 335–413. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Terzaghi, K., and R. B. Peck. 1967. Soil mechanics in engineering practice. New York: Wiley.
Thakur, V., G. Grimstad, and S. Nordal. 2006. “Instability in soft sensitive clays.” In Proc., ECI Conf. on Geohazards. New York: Engineering Conferences International.
Thakur, V., S. Nordal, G. Viggiani, and P. Charrier. 2018. “Shear bands in undrained plane strain compression of Norwegian quick clays.” Can. Geotech. J. 55 (1): 45–56. https://doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0443.
Wilkes, P. F. 1972 “An induced failure at a trial embankment at King’s Lynn, Norfolk, England.” In Vol. 1 of Proc., Specialty Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures; Part I, 29–65. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 150 • Issue 2 • February 2024
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 6, 2023
Accepted: Aug 14, 2023
Published online: Dec 14, 2023
Published in print: Feb 1, 2024
Discussion open until: May 14, 2024
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.