Managed On-Site Disposal in Unsewered Areas

Objective cost-effectiveness evaluations of on-site disposal systems for wastewater management are in general difficult because of the almost total absence of information on operational reliability and treatment performance. In addition, limitations are imposed on these systems by site-specific geological and hydrological conditions. A case study is used illustrating the procedures for cost-effectiveness evaluation of on-site disposal systems. Based on chemical and bacteriological parameters monitored, properly designed and maintained on-site disposal systems are adequate in meeting the water quality criteria established by regional regulatory agencies. Therefore, a managed on-site disposal system would provide a feasible wastewater management alternative in unsewered areas.