Research Article
Apr 1973

Optimization of Dead End Water Distribution Systems

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Publication: Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division
Volume 99, Issue 2

Abstract

A single dead end system with multiple withdrawals has been synthesized. Dead end water distribution systems are frequently encountered in rural water supply systems. Their optimal design is reduced to a nonlinear objective function with a nonlinear constraint. A closed form solution of the problem has been obtained by the Lagrangian multiplier method. The solution is presented in a form directly usable by the design engineer providing optimal pipe diameters, pumping head, hydraulic gradient line, and the minimal cost. The solution has been generalized for a continuous withdrawal of discharge. The case of two withdrawals is depictable in graphical form and provides a clear insight into the variation of the various parameters. Substantial saving can be achieved by designing the water distribution facilities at minimal costs.

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Journal of the Environmental Engineering Division
Volume 99Issue 2April 1973
Pages: 123 - 134

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Published in print: Apr 1973
Published online: Feb 11, 2021

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P. K. Swamee
Lect. in Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Roorkee, Roorkee, U.P., India
Virendra Kumar
Exec. Engr., Local Self. Govt. Engrg. Dept., Roorkee, U.P., India
P. Khanna
Reader in Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Roorkee, Roorkee, U.P., India

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