Differences in Workers’ Safety Behavior by Project Size and Risk Level of Work in South Korea
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 149, Issue 5
Abstract
Unsafe behavior is the main cause of accidents in the construction industry. Considering the fact that accidents occur more frequently in small projects and on more hazardous works, this study tests the hypotheses that workers’ safety behavior varies (1) with project size, and (2) with the risk level of work. Survey data were collected from a total of 313 construction workers at 21 sites using questionnaires, and the data were analyzed using a series of factor analyses and structural equation modeling. Multigroup factor analysis revealed that the mean safety behavior value for the workers in large projects was greater than that for the workers in small projects, with a statistically significant difference. This indicates that large-project workers tend to behave more safely than small-project workers. However, no statistically significant difference was found for the workers’ safety behavior with regards to the risk level of work. In addition, the differences in the impacts of three factors (management commitment, supervisor’s role, and workers’ perception of safety) on safety behavior depending on the project size and risk level of work were investigated using multigroup structural equation modeling. Management commitment had the greatest impact on workers’ safety behavior in large projects, whereas workers’ perception of safety had the greatest impact in small projects. Regarding the risk level, management commitment had the greatest impact on safety behavior with low-risk work, and workers’ perception of safety had the greatest impact with high-risk work. These results suggest that management commitment is more important to control worker’s safety behavior to prevent accidents for large projects and low-risk works, whereas the workers’ safety perception is more important to prevent accidents for small projects and high-risk works. This study provides a new theoretical basis for explaining the variations in workers’ safety behavior group to group, and facilitates the development of future safety policies and systems. This study also contributes to the establishment of strategic planning and the justification for spending relevant resources to improve workers’ safety behavior.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a National Research Korea grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Education) (NRF-2021R1F1A1050519).
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Published In
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 149 • Issue 5 • May 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 3, 2022
Accepted: Jan 17, 2023
Published online: Mar 10, 2023
Published in print: May 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Aug 10, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Accidents
- Business management
- Construction engineering
- Construction management
- Data analysis
- Design (by type)
- Employment
- Engineering fundamentals
- Human and behavioral factors
- Labor
- Methodology (by type)
- Occupational safety
- Personnel management
- Practice and Profession
- Project management
- Public administration
- Public health and safety
- Research methods (by type)
- Safety
- Structural behavior
- Structural design
- Structural engineering
- Structural safety
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