Influence of Axial Load and Transverse Impact Velocity on the Behavior of Concrete Shear Walls Reinforced with GFRP Bars
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 27, Issue 2
Abstract
A three-dimensional numerical model was established to investigate the impact resistance of concrete shear walls reinforced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars, considering the strain rate effect of FRP reinforcement and concrete materials. After validating the numerical model, the failure mechanism of concrete shear walls reinforced with glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars under impact load was studied. The influence of impact velocity and axial load ratio on the impact resistance of GFRP-reinforced concrete shear walls was discussed. The results showed that GFRP-reinforced concrete walls have similar behavior to conventional reinforced concrete walls under impact loadings. The former experienced more considerable deformation due to the lower elastic modulus of GFRP bars. The peak and residual displacement at the center of the wall increased linearly with the impact energy. In addition, the peak value, plateau value, impulse, and duration of impact force grew linearly with respect to impact velocity. The proportion of energy absorbed by concrete increased in the cases of larger impact velocity. From the perspective of the internal force envelope along the wall height, the dangerous sections under impact were located at both ends of the wall under axial load. The peak value of the internal force improved with an increase of the axial load ratio. When the axial load ratio was between 0.3 and 0.4, the impact force of the wall reached the largest, and the minimum deformation occurs, indicating the best impact resistance of the shear walls. As the axial load ratio increased from 0.1 to 0.5, the total energy consumption increased from 68% to 89%, among which the external force work is 57 times that of the 0.1 axial load ratio, aggravating the failure of walls.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51978022). The support is gratefully acknowledged.
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- A
- top area of the wall;
- d
- damage variable for concrete;
- E0
- initial (undamaged) elastic modulus of concrete;
- Ec,dyn
- dynamic elastic modulus of concrete;
- Egf
- dynamic elastic modulus of GFRP bars;
- Egf0
- static elastic modulus of GFRP bars;
- Es
- static elastic modulus of steel bars;
- Fa
- peak value of impact force;
- Fp
- plateau value of impact force;
- fc,dyn
- dynamic compressive strength of concrete;
- fc0
- static compressive strength of concrete;
- fcm
- mean compressive strength of concrete;
- fgf
- dynamic ultimate strength of GFRP bars;
- fgf0
- dynamic ultimate strength of GFRP bars;
- ft0
- static tensile strength of concrete;
- fu0
- static ultimate strength of steel bars;
- fu,dyn
- dynamic ultimate strength of steel bars;
- fy0
- static yield strength of steel bars;
- fy,dyn
- dynamic yield strength of steel bars;
- Gf
- fracture energy of concrete;
- g
- gravitational acceleration, 9.8 m/s2;
- h
- falling height of hammer;
- Ia
- average moment of inertia of member section;
- L
- size of the wall parallel to the direction of impact force;
- M
- bending moment of walls;
- N
- axial load;
- P
- equivalent static force;
- V
- shear force of walls;
- v
- impact velocity;
- w
- crack displacement;
- δp
- peak displacement;
- δr
- residual displacement;
- strain rate;
- static compressive strain rate of concrete;
- static strain rate of steel bars;
- static tensile strain rate of concrete;
- elastic strain of concrete;
- plastic strain of concrete;
- compressive strain corresponding to the compressive strength;
- ultimate compressive strain of concrete;
- tensile strain corresponding to the tensile strength;
- ultimate strain of steel/GFRP bars;
- μ
- axial load ratio;
- ρ
- mass density;
- σ
- stress of concrete; and
- σcu
- ultimate compressive stress.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 27 • Issue 2 • April 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 31, 2022
Accepted: Dec 15, 2022
Published online: Feb 2, 2023
Published in print: Apr 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jul 2, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Axial loads
- Bars (structure)
- Concrete
- Continuum mechanics
- Dynamic loads
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Engineering mechanics
- Fiber reinforced concrete
- Fiber reinforced polymer
- Fluid mechanics
- Hydrologic engineering
- Impact loads
- Materials engineering
- Polymer
- Reinforced concrete
- Shear resistance
- Shear walls
- Solid mechanics
- Static loads
- Statics (mechanics)
- Structural dynamics
- Structural engineering
- Structural members
- Structural systems
- Synthetic materials
- Viscosity
- Walls
- Water and water resources
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