Technical Papers
Oct 11, 2024

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Shear Behavior and Strength of Haunched Beams Reinforced with Basalt Fiber–Reinforced Polymer Rebars

Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 29, Issue 12

Abstract

Tapered beams are characterized by varying moments of inertia along their span, commonly the pier cap configuration used in bridge construction. This study presents the shear behavior of tapered beams reinforced with basalt fiber–reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars through experiments and analyses. Eight BFRP beams were tested to explore the influence of changing inclination angles and the presence of BFRP stirrups. These beams were divided into two groups, each consisting of four beams: one control straight beam and three tapered beams with different tapered angles. The first group was without shear reinforcement, while the second group was reinforced with BFRP stirrups. Results revealed that increasing tapered angles decreased the shear strength of BFRP tapered beams without stirrups but increased it in beams with BFRP stirrups. The analytical part proposed equations to estimate the shear strength of BFRP tapered beams, with findings indicating conservative estimations consistent with experimental data trends.

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Data Availability Statement

All data, models, and codes generated or used during the study appear in the published article.

Notations

The following symbols are used in this paper:
Af
area of longitudinal BFRP reinforcement (mm2);
Afv
area of BFRP stirrups (mm2);
Av
area of steel stirrups (mm2);
a
shear span (mm);
ac
depth of the compression block (mm);
b
width of the beam (mm);
dcr
critical effective depth (mm);
dmaximum
maximum effective depth (mm);
dminimum
minimum effective depth (mm);
Ec
modulus of elasticity of concrete (GPa);
Ef
modulus of elasticity of longitudinal BFRP reinforcement (GPa);
Efv
modulus of elasticity of BFRP stirrups (GPa);
Es
modulus of elasticity of longitudinal steel reinforcement (GPa);
fc
cylindrical concrete compressive strength (MPa);
fct
concrete indirect tensile strength (MPa);
fcu
cube concrete compressive strength (MPa);
ff
design strength of longitudinal BFRP bars (MPa);
ffu
ultimate longitudinal BFRP strength (MPa);
ffv
design strength of BFRP stirrups (MPa);
fr
modulus of the rapture of concrete (MPa);
fuv
ultimate strength of BFRP stirrups (MPa);
HL
horizontal length of the haunched part (mm);
HL/a
ratio of the haunched length to the shear span;
hmaximum
maximum height of the beams (mm);
hminimum
minimum height of the beams (mm);
Mcr
critical nominal moment capacity;
rb/db
ratio of radius to the diameter of stirrups;
STD
standard deviation;
s
center-to-center space of stirrups (mm);
Vcf
concrete shear strength of BFRP beams (kN);
Vcf(H)
concrete shear strength of BFRP beams-haunched part (kN);
Vcf(P)
concrete shear strength of BFRP beams-prismatic part (kN);
Vexp
experimental shear strength of BFRP beams (kN);
Vf
ultimate predicted capacity of BFRP beams (kN);
Vfv
ultimate predicted capacity of BFRP stirrups (kN);
Vfv-exp
experimental capacity of pure BFRP stirrups (kN);
Zcr
lever arm between the center of tension side and the center of compression concrete blocks (mm);
α
tapered or inclination angle (°);
δs
residual error;
μ
average ratio of predicted shear strength to actual shear strength;
ρf
BFRP longitudinal reinforcement ratio; and
ρfv
BFRP web reinforcement ratio.

References

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Bridge Engineering
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 29Issue 12December 2024

History

Received: Oct 15, 2023
Accepted: Aug 14, 2024
Published online: Oct 11, 2024
Published in print: Dec 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Mar 11, 2025

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Authors

Affiliations

Bedar Rauf Hassan, Ph.D. [email protected]
Civil Engineering Dept., Univ. of Halabja, Halabja 44001, Iraq; Civil Engineering Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Tishk International Univ. Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]
Ali Ramadhan Yousif, M.ASCE
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Salahaddin Univ.-Erbil, Erbil 44002, Iraq.

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