Flow Field and Acoustic Studies on a Supersonic Jet with Tabs Having Various Cross Sections
Publication: Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 38, Issue 1
Abstract
Experiments were carried out over an imperfectly expanded supersonic jet at various nozzle pressure ratios with and without tabs of various cross-sectional shapes. The tabs used in the present study have either triangular, square, or circular shapes, placed circumferentially at three locations, 120° apart. In this study, shock waves were captured using the Schlieren visualization technique, and pressure measurements across the jet flow in both streamwise and cross-stream directions were conducted using an in-house built Pitot tube. Acoustic measurements were also made to capture the signature of jets with different shapes of tab cross section inside an anechoic chamber. The methods indicated the influence of tab shape on the downstream characteristics of the jet, including its core length, width, and tone. Different tab shapes resulted in significant alterations in the jet characteristics, which were also observed to be dependent on the nozzle pressure ratio. A complete alleviation of screech tone was recorded with use of tabs in the jet nozzle.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
Abbett, M. 1971. “Mach disk in underexpanded exhaust plumes.” AIAA J. 9 (3): 512–514. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.6212.
Ahuja, K., and W. Brown. 1989. “Shear flow control by mechanical tabs.” In Proc., 2nd Shear Flow Conf. Reston, VA: AIAA. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.1989-994.
Anderson, J. D. 2003. “Modern compressible flow with historical.” In Perspective. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw–Hill.
André, B., T. Castelain, and C. Bailly. 2014. “Experimental exploration of underexpanded supersonic jets.” Shock Waves 24 (1): 21–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-013-0457-4.
Arun Kumar, R., and G. Rajesh. 2017. “Shock transformation and hysteresis in underexpanded confined jets.” J. Fluid Mech. 823 (Jul): 538–561. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.231.
Bai, C.-Y., and Z.-N. Wu. 2017. “Size and shape of shock waves and slipline for Mach reflection in steady flow.” J. Fluid Mech. 818 (May): 116–140. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.139.
Behrouzi, P., J. J. McGuirk, and C. Avenell. 2018. “Effect of scarfing on rectangular nozzle supersonic jet plume flow characteristics.” AIAA J. 56 (1): 301–315. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J055526.
Bradbury, L. J. S., and A. H. Khadem. 1975. “The distortion of a jet by tabs.” J. Fluid Mech. 70 (4): 801–813. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112075002352.
Burak, M. O., and N. Andersson. 2018. “Acoustic mode analysis of a supersonic jet.” AIAA J. 56 (1): 279–289. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J056023.
Chang, I. S., and W. L. Crow. 1974. “Mach disk from underexpanded axisymmetric nozzle flow.” AIAA J. 12 (8): 1079–1082. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.49415.
Chapman, C. J. 2000. High speed flow. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Edgington-Mitchell, D., D. R. Honnery, and J. Soria. 2014a. “The underexpanded jet Mach disk and its associated shear layer.” Phys. Fluids 26 (9): 096101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4894741.
Edgington-Mitchell, D., K. Oberleithner, D. R. Honnery, and J. Soria. 2014b. “Coherent structure and sound production in the helical mode of a screeching axisymmetric jet.” J. Fluid Mech. 748 (Jun): 822–847. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.173.
Hadjadj, A., A. N. Kudryavtsev, and M. S. Ivanov. 2004. “Numerical investigation of shock-reflection phenomena in overexpanded supersonic jets.” AIAA J. 42 (3): 570–577. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.989.
Hornung, H. G., and M. L. Robinson. 1982. “Transition from regular to Mach reflection of shock waves Part 2. The steady-flow criterion.” J. Fluid Mech. 123 (Oct): 155–164. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112082003000.
Hortensius, R., J. C. Dutton, and G. S. Elliott. 2017. “Near field of an axisymmetric underexpanded jet and an adjacent parallel surface.” AIAA J. 55 (8): 2489–2502. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J055515.
Krothapalli, A. 1985. “Discrete tones generated by an impinging underexpanded rectangular jet.” AIAA J. 23 (12): 1910–1915. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.9195.
Kumar, P. A., and E. Rathakrishnan. 2013. “Truncated triangular tabs for supersonic-jet control.” J. Propuls. Power 29 (1): 50–65. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B34642.
Liepmann, H. W., and A. Roshko. 2001. Elements of gasdynamics. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
Lovaraju, P., S. Clement, and E. Rathakrishnan. 2007. “Effect of cross-wire and tabs on sonic jet structure.” Shock Waves 17 (1–2): 71–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-007-0092-z.
Love, E. S., E. L. P. Grigsby, P. Lee, and M. J. Woodling. 1959. Experimental and theoretical studies of axisymmetric free jets. NASA Technical Rep. No. R-6. Washington, DC: Langley Research Center.
Maruthupandiyan, K., and E. Rathakrishnan. 2018. “Tab location effect on supersonic jet mixing.” Aeronaut. J. 122 (1254): 1229–1243. https://doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.61.
Mehta, R. C., and J. K. Prasad. 1996. “Estimation of shock-cell structure of axisymmetric supersonic free jets.” Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci. 3 (4): 141–147.
Nagel, R. T., J. W. Denham, and A. G. Papathanasiou. 1983. “Supersonic jet screech tone cancellation.” AIAA J. 21 (5): 1541–1545. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.60153.
Pack, D. C. 1948. “On the formation of shock-waves in supersonic gas jets: Two-dimensional flow.” Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 1 (1): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmam/1.1.1.
Paramanantham, V., S. Janakiram, and R. Gopalapillai. 2022. “Prediction of Mach stem height in compressible open jets. Part 1. Overexpanded jets.” J. Fluid Mech. 942 (Jul): A48. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2022.374.
Powell, A. 1953. “On the mechanism of choked jet noise.” Proc. Phys. Soc. Sect. B 66 (12): 1039–1056. https://doi.org/10.1088/0370-1301/66/12/306.
Rao, A. N., A. Kushari, and A. Chandra Mandal. 2020. “Screech characteristics of under-expanded high aspect ratio elliptic jet.” Phys. Fluids 32 (7): 076106. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0010186.
Rao, S. M. V., and S. K. Karthick. 2019. “Studies on the effect of imaging parameters on dynamic mode decomposition of time-resolved Schlieren flow images.” Aerosp. Sci. Technol. 88 (May): 136–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2019.03.004.
Rathakrishnan, E. 2009. “Experimental studies on the limiting tab.” AIAA J. 47 (10): 2475–2485. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.43790.
Rathakrishnan, E. 2019. Applied gas dynamics. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Shapiro, A. H. 1953. The dynamics and thermodynamics of compressible fluid flow volume-I. New York: Ronald.
Shen, H., and C. K. W. Tam. 1998. “Numerical simulation of the generation of axisymmetric mode jet screech tones.” AIAA J. 36 (10): 1801–1807. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.295.
Shimshi, E., G. Ben-dor, and A. Levy. 2009. “Viscous simulation of shock-reflection hysteresis in overexpanded planar nozzles.” J. Fluid Mech. 635 (Sep): 189–206. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002211200900771X.
Singh, N. K., and E. Rathakrishnan. 2002. “Sonic jet control with tabs.” Int. J. Turbo Jet Engines 19 (1–2): 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1515/TJJ.2002.19.1-2.107.
Tam, C. K. W. 1995. “Supersonic jet noise.” Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 27 (1): 17–43. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.000313.
Umeda, Y., and R. Ishii. 2001. “On the sound sources of screech tones radiated from choked circular jets.” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110 (4): 1845–1858. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1402620.
Yu, Y.-K., R.-H. Chen, and L. Chew. 1998. “Screech tone noise and mode switching in supersonic swirling jets.” AIAA J. 36 (11): 1968–1974. https://doi.org/10.2514/2.323.
Zaman, K. B. M. Q., M. F. Reeder, and M. Samimy. 1994. “Control of an axisymmetric jet using vortex generators.” Phys. Fluids 6 (2): 778–793. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.868316.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Aerospace Engineering
Volume 38 • Issue 1 • January 2025
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 12, 2024
Accepted: Jul 12, 2024
Published online: Oct 7, 2024
Published in print: Jan 1, 2025
Discussion open until: Mar 7, 2025
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.