Avalanches and Fractures in Biotreated Calcareous Sands
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 24, Issue 5
Abstract
Biotreatment is an emerging reinforcement technology. Avalanche dynamics has recently been used to analyze the fracture behavior of biotreated specimens under unconfined conditions. However, the avalanche dynamics along with fractures in biotreated specimens under confined conditions have not yet been investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the basic laws of the avalanche dynamics for biotreated calcareous sand specimens through a series of triaxial compression tests under various confining pressures. We found that the probability density distributions of acoustic emission signal (AES) energy, the AES amplitude, and the AES duration of the biotreated specimens under confined conditions obeyed the damped power law, and the AES waiting-time distribution followed the prediction by the gamma function. However, the confining pressure had no significant influence on the relative magnitude, the aftershock-sequence distribution, the AES energy-versus-amplitude distribution, or the AES amplitude-versus-duration distribution. More importantly, the maximum-likelihood estimation of the AES energy could be used to predict the occurrence of catastrophic damage in the biotreated soils.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article. The videos for the triaxial compression tests and acoustic emission tests, the micro images for the biotreated calcareous sand specimens, the calculations of the avalanche dynamics laws for the biotreated calcareous sand specimens, and the additional data used for validation are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52078085, 52178313, and 51922024). We would like to thank Dr. M. Chen for the discussion of the basic statistical laws of avalanche dynamics pertaining to biotreated calcareous sand specimens. We would also like to thank Mr. X. M. Zhang, Mr. H. H. Zhao, Mr. H. Zhao, and Mr. W. J. Fan for their assistance in preparing the biotreated calcareous sand specimens with the bacterial and cement solutions, and for helping to perform the triaxial compression and acoustic emission tests.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 24 • Issue 5 • May 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 7, 2023
Accepted: Nov 5, 2023
Published online: Feb 22, 2024
Published in print: May 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Jul 22, 2024
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