Analysis and Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Large-Diameter Grouted Sleeve Connections
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23, Issue 6
Abstract
The mechanical properties of a connection are essential for the structural performance of a prefabricated bridge pier because the connection is located in the weakest part of the pier structure. Among different types of connections, a large-diameter grouted sleeve connection with a connection bar of 40 mm diameter has been widely exploited in recent years. However, past experimental researches and the latest corresponding industrial standards barely pay much attention to the mechanical properties of this large-diameter grouted sleeve connection. Therefore, a series of experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to address the critical issue. First, the static tension tests were carried out on fabricated specimens considering the eccentricity of the bar, and then the internal conditions of the sleeve were detected using industrial computed tomography. Experiment-based tests showed that the bearing capacity of all connections exceeds the standard value of the tensile strength of connection bars and mainly depends on the bearing capacity of connection bars. The eccentricity of the bar could increase the local stress of the sleeve, which must be addressed during the design and construction progress. The inner bonding interface between the bar and the grouting material was destroyed when the bar was fractured or pulled out. Moreover, the results of experiments and numerical simulations revealed that some geometry-related parameters about the sleeve and the bar could be properly optimized for further design. The sleeve design parameters considering the eccentricity of the bar was recommended as 1.27, and a new sleeve structure with variable thickness was proposed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52278225 and 51878603).
References
AQSIQ (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine). 2018. Steel for the reinforcement of concrete—Part 2: Hot rolled ribbed bars. GB/T 1499.2-2018. Beijing: China Quality and Standards Publishing & Media Co.
CEB-FIP. 2010. FIP model code for concrete structures. Lausanne, Switzerland: CEB-FIP.
Deviprasad, B. S., R. Saseendran, and G. R. Dodagoudar. 2022. “Reliability analysis of a bridge pier supported on a rocking shallow foundation under earthquake loading.” Int. J. Geomech. 22 (3): 04021298. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002287.
Du, X. L., H. T. Liu, D. C. Lu, C. S. Xu, F. R. Luo, and S. M. Li. 2017. “Study on seismic performance of sidewall joints in assemble monolithic subway station.” China Civ. Eng. J. 50 (4): 38–47. https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2017.04.005.
Haber, Z. B., M. S. Saiidi, and D. H. Sanders. 2014. “Seismic performance of precast columns with mechanically spliced column-footing connections.” ACI J. 111 (3): 639–650.
Haber, Z. B., M. S. Saiidi, and D. H. Sanders. 2015. “Behavior and simplified modeling of mechanical reinforcing bar splices.” ACI J. 112 (2): 179–188. https://doi.org/10.14359/51687455.
Han, R. Q., S. L. Li, and W. C. Sun. 2022. “Effect of grouting material strength on bond strength of sleeve and acoustic emission characterization of bond failure damage process.” Constr. Build. Mater. 324: 126503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126503.
Henin, E., and G. Morcous. 2015. “Non-proprietary bar splice sleeve for precast concrete construction.” Eng. Struct. 83: 154–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.10.045.
Huang, Y., Z. G. Zhu, C. J. Naito, and W. J. Yi. 2017. “Tensile behavior of half grouted sleeve connections: Experimental study and analytical modeling.” Constr. Build. Mater. 2017 (152): 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.06.154.
Huang, Z. Y., W. Zhang, S. Y. Fan, L. L. Sui, and J. Q. Ye. 2021. “Axial-load resistance of a novel UHPFRC grouted SHS tube-sleeve connection: Experimental, numerical, and theoretical approaches.” J. Struct. Eng. 147 (11): 04021184. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0003189.
Jin, Z. B., K. Chen, and J. Lu. 2022. “Seismic performance of precast hollow high-strength concrete bridge columns with shallow socket connection.” China J. Highway Transp. 35 (4): 128–139. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2022.04.010.
Kim, H. K. 2012. “Bond strength of mortar-filled steel pipe splices reflecting confining effect.” J. Asian Archit. Build. Eng. 11 (1): 125–132. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.11.125.
Kumar, M., and K. Chatterjee. 2021. “Generalized interaction diagrams for caisson foundations in layered soil under seismic conditions.” Int. J. Geomech. 21 (8): 04021135. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0002079.
Ling, J. H., A. B. Abd Rahman, and I. S. Ibrahim. 2014. “Feasibility study of grouted splice connector under tensile load.” Constr. Build. Mater. 50: 530–539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.010.
Ling, J. H., A. B. Abd Rahman, I. S. Ibrahim, and Z. A. Hamid. 2012. “Behavior of grouted pipe splice under incremental tensile load.” Constr. Build. Mater. 33: 90–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.001.
Ling, J. H., A. B. Abd Rahman, I. S. Ibrahim, and Z. A. Hamid. 2016. “Tensile capacity of grouted splice sleeves.” Eng. Struct. 111: 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.12.023.
Lu, Z. W., J. Huang, Y. B. Li, S. B. Dai, P. Zhong, and X. Liu. 2019. “Mechanical behaviour of grouted sleeve splice under uniaxial tensile loading.” Eng. Struct. 186: 421–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.02.033.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development). 2016. Technical specification for mechanical splicing of steel reinforcing bars. JGJ 107-2016. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press.
MOHURD (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development). 2019. The grouting sleeve for rebars splicing. JG/T 398. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press.
Sayadi, A. A., A. B. Abd. Rahman, A. Sayadi, M. Bahmani, and L. Shahryari. 2015. “Effective of elastic and inelastic zone on behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer splice sleeve.” Constr. Build. Mater. 80: 38–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.064.
Seo, S., B. Nam, and S. Kim. 2016. “Tensile strength of the grout-filled head-splice-sleeve.” Constr. Build. Mater. 124: 155–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.07.028.
Shao, X. D., Y. P. Liu, M. H. Qiu, and F. H. Deng. 2020. “Research on performance of large diameter grouted-filled splice sleeve joints with UHPC.” China Civ. Eng. J. 53 (2): 81–91. https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2020.02.007.
Wang, X. L., X. Z. Lu, and L. P. Ye. 2007. “Numerical simulation for the hysteresis behavior of RC column under cyclic loads.” Eng. Mech. 12: 76–81. https://doi.org/10.3901/JME.2007.06.076.
Wang, Z. Q., Y. J. Ge, and H. Y. Wet. 2014. “Seismic performance of precast hollow bridge piers with different construction details.” Front. Struct. Civ. Eng. 8 (4): 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-014-0273-7.
Wu, T., R. Cheng, and Q. W. Liu. 2018. “Experimental research on connection performance of steel grouted sleeve splice.” J. Xi’an Univ. Archit. Technol. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 50 (3): 309–316. https://doi.org/10.15986/j.1006-7930.2018.03.001.
Wu, T., S. Wang, Y. B. Liu, and B. Zhang. 2019. “Mechanical performance of reinforcement grouted sleeve connection.” J. Build. Struct. 36 (2): 21–29.
Xiang, Y. Q., S. Zhu, and Y. Zhao. 2018. “Research and development on accelerated bridge construction technology.” China J. Highway Transp. 31 (12): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2018.12.001.
Xu, C. S., H. T. Liu, and X. L. Du. 2018. “Experimental study on connection performance of grouted sleeve splicing for rebars under high stress repeated tension-compression loading.” J. Build. Struct. 39 (12): 178–184. https://doi.org/10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2018.12.021.
Xu, T. F., Q. W. Li, R. D. Zhao, J. C. Ding, and Y. L. Zhan. 2019. “On the early-age bond-slip behavior of an eccentric bar embedded in a grouted sleeve.” Eng. Struct. 190: 160–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.04.020.
Yu, Q., L. Zhang, P. Y. Tang, L. Z. Li, X. K. Zhang, B. X. Fan, Z. Zhang, and Z. H. Chen. 2022. “Experimental study and in-depth tensile mechanism analysis of grouted sleeve lapping connectors.” Lat. Am. J. Solids Struct. 19 (2): e428. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78256935.
Zhao, C. F., Z. D. Zhang, J. F. Wang, and B. Wang. 2019. “Numerical and theoretical analysis on the mechanical properties of improved CP-GFRP splice sleeve.” Thin Walled Struct. 137: 487–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.01.018.
Zheng, G. Y., Z. P. Kuang, J. Z. Xiao, and Z. F. Pan. 2020. “Mechanical performance for defective and repaired grouted sleeve connections under uniaxial and cyclic loadings.” Constr. Build. Mater. 233: 117233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117233.
Zheng, Y. 2016. “Research on rebar splicing system by GDPS grouted-filled coupling sleeve.” Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Southeast Univ. https://doi.org/10.7666/d.Y3141677.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23 • Issue 6 • June 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 26, 2022
Accepted: Jan 8, 2023
Published online: Apr 11, 2023
Published in print: Jun 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Sep 11, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Bars (structure)
- Connections (structural)
- Construction engineering
- Construction methods
- Engineering fundamentals
- Grouting
- Hydraulic engineering
- Hydraulic structures
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Mathematics
- Mechanical properties
- Models (by type)
- Numerical models
- Parameters (statistics)
- Piers
- Ports and harbors
- Statistics
- Structural behavior
- Structural engineering
- Structural members
- Structural systems
- Water and water resources
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.