Evaluating the Effects of Urbanization on Stream Flow and Channel Stability — State of Practice
Publication: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008: Ahupua'A
Abstract
The hydrology from urban areas has a profound effect on the stability of our urban streams. The urban condition increases peak flows and the volumes of runoff from the watersheds. Detention storage common in urban areas can extend the time that these flows occur in the streams, and possibly change sediment discharge characteristics. The effects on bank stability, aquatic and riparian habitat, sediment transport, and water quality are subjects of current research. Continuous simulation modeling of runoff in urban streams is currently being studied to determine the effects of urbanization on urban streams. The continuous simulation modeling helps characterize the effect of prolonged flows on stream stability. Research has shown that simply limiting peak flows may not be enough to maintain pre-development stability levels. The duration of the flows can affect the stability as much as the magnitude of the flow. The methodology used in developing the continuous simulation hydrology is also extremely important to understand. The determination of bankfull discharge in urban streams is a continuing mystery. Recent research out of Canada has shown that the correlation of bankfull discharge, or morphological forming discharges, to a specific runoff event return interval is not possible. This revelation is extremely important and may invalidate design criteria across the U.S. related to the use of the one-year or two-year return interval flow for stream stability analysis. In addition to bankfull discharge, it has been determined that another discharge should be considered for urban streams. Those discharges relate to the requirements of aquatic habitat at different life stages and are critical to the ecological integrity of the stream system. Design of channels based on morphological forming discharges, in conjunction with these ecological sustaining flows, result in stable channels that provide self-sustaining habitats, diverse enough in structure that they provide essential ecological functions. Finally, effects of upstream detention on stream stability and ecological integrity have long been debated. Studies currently underway seek to answer the question whether, "to detain or not to detain, because detention facilities may be storing sediment leading to channel instabilities, coupled with longer duration storm hydrographs. This paper will summarize the findings of these and other important questions and studies related to stream stability and ecological integrity.
Get full access to this chapter
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2008 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Apr 26, 2012
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Channel flow
- Channel stabilization
- Channels (waterway)
- Flow (fluid dynamics)
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Hydraulic engineering
- Hydraulic structures
- Hydrologic engineering
- Infrastructure
- River bank stabilization
- River engineering
- Rivers and streams
- Stream channels
- Streamflow
- Urban and regional development
- Urban areas
- Water and water resources
- Water discharge
- Waterways
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.