A Simulation Model for Detecting Topological Changes in a Water Distribution Network

Reliability analysis is an integral part of any water distribution system design or rehabilitation planning. Reliability analysis of a water distribution system requires repetitive simulation model runs to ascertain the consequences of pipe failures. This paper presents an algorithm for automatic identification of nodes/pipes that are disconnected from the water source(s) (e.g. tank(s)), thus allowing the automation of the above analysis. Several past studies have considered two types of reliability assessment due to: (1) mechanical failures and (2) hydraulic failures. While the water distribution network analysis considering hydraulic failures alone does not imply changes in the network topology, the analysis considering mechanical failures (e.g. pipe breaks) and the consequent interruptions to supply (while repairs are being carried out), requires an algorithm capable of simulating the hydraulic network performance under topological changes. An algorithm for automatically finding these changes is reported here. The application of the algorithm is demonstrated on an artificial network. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the methodology suggested.