Corn Yield Response to Different Irrigation Depths with Subsurface Drip Irrigation
Publication: World Environmental and Water Resource Congress 2006: Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns
Abstract
Quantifying the yield response of crops to water inputs is important for establishing adequate irrigation scheduling strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate how different seasonal irrigation depths applied to corn (Zea mays L.) affected the soil water balance, corn water use, corn yield, and yield components in a semiarid climate. The study was conducted during 2005 at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln West Central Research and Extension Center at North Platte, NE. Six irrigation treatments were evaluated, which received incremental seasonal irrigation depths ranging from 53 to 254 mm using a subsurface drip irrigation system. For each treatment, a water balance approach was used to estimate several water variables, including daily and seasonal actual crop evapotranspiration (ETd), crop evapotranspiration when water is not limited (ETw), evaporation (E), transpiration (T), and deep percolation. All treatments were deficit-irrigated, and total water (soil water + rain + irrigation) was enough to produce seasonal ETd values between 81 and 98% of seasonal ETw. Seasonal irrigation affected ETd, especially its T component. Although E was a significant portion of ETd, it was mostly due to rainfall and was not affected by irrigation. Grain yield was linearly related to seasonal irrigation (yield = 0.0123x + 9.52, r2 = 0.94), total water (yield = 0.0123x + 3.01, r2 = 0.94), ETd (yield = 0.0212x – 1.77, r2 = 0.85) and ETd/ETw (yield = 14.08x–;1.37, r2 = 0.89). Seasonal irrigation also affected grain moisture, grain test weight, stover moisture, and the dry weights of the stover, grain, and cob. The percent of the above-ground plant dry weight represented by each component (grain, stover, and cob) was practically constant among irrigation treatments. On average for all treatments, the grain, stover, and cob accounted for 57.9 (= harvest index), 33.5 and 8.6 % of the above-ground plant dry weight, respectively.
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Copyright
© 2006 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Apr 26, 2012
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Agriculture
- Climates
- Crops
- Environmental engineering
- Geology
- Geomechanics
- Geotechnical engineering
- Grain (material)
- Irrigation
- Irrigation engineering
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Seasonal variations
- Soil mechanics
- Soil properties
- Soil water
- Subsurface environment
- Trickle irrigation
- Water and water resources
- Water treatment
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