Resolving Sinkhole Issues: A State Government Perspective

Several dramatic and costly sinkhole occurrences within a few years prompted a review of sinkhole policy in Pennsylvania. A committee was created to determine how the state Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) addresses sinkhole issues throughout all its program areas in order to formulate a comprehensive policy regarding sinkhole prevention and response. Pennsylvania does not have a formal policy or procedure to address sinkhole problems of any size even if they constitute a public emergency. From 1997 to 2005, the Bureau of District Mining Operations participated in investigations of major sinkholes occurrences relating to quarry operations. This resulted in the preparation of basic repair plans and alerted the Department, in general, to the growing problem of sinkholes associated with water withdrawal, urbanization and storm water handling. Reporting sinkholes, authorizing repairs, providing information or assistance to the public and private entities, and requirements for permit applications were not consistent across program areas. The committee was able to identify many items that could improve response to sinkhole problems and even address the potential for sinkhole collapse related to permit authorizations in order to prevent costly repairs in the future. Many steps were recommended that could be implemented gradually over all applicable programs. Identified action items included education of staff, determination of best management practices, and increased interagency coordination. Additionally, it was determined there is a need to provide accurate information on sinkhole prevention and remediation to the general public as well as to municipal governments and those involved with geotechnical, residential, and commercial activities. Finally, a response plan must be formulated and funding must be identified in cases of sinkhole situations that pose an imminent threat to health and safety. This approach can serve as a model for other state government agencies to improve their efforts to effectively deal with sinkhole situations and better serve public needs.