Seismic Loss and Downtime Assessment of Existing Tall Steel-Framed Buildings and Strategies for Increased Resilience
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VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLEPublication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 8
Abstract
In areas of high seismicity in the United States, the design of many existing tall buildings followed guidelines that do not provide an explicit understanding of performance during major earthquakes. This paper presents an assessment of the seismic performance of existing tall buildings and strategies for increased resilience for a case study city, San Francisco, where an archetype tall building is designed based on an inventory of the existing tall building stock. A 40-story moment-resisting frame system is selected as a representative tall building. The archetype building is rectangular in plan and represents the state of design and construction practice from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. Nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA) are conducted with ground motions representative of the design earthquake hazard level defined in current building codes, with explicit consideration of near-fault directivity effects. Mean transient interstory drifts and story accelerations under the 10% in 50-year ground motion hazard range from 0.19 to 1.14% and 0.15 to 0.81 g, respectively. In order to influence decision making, performance is reported as the expected consequences in terms of direct economic losses and downtime. Furthermore, to achieve increased levels of resilience, a number of strategies are proposed including seismic improvements to structural and nonstructural systems as well as mitigation measures to minimize impeding factors. Expected direct economic losses for the archetype building are in the order of 34% of building cost and downtime estimates for functional recovery are 87 weeks. The strategies presented in this paper enable up to a 92% reduction in losses and minimize downtime for functional recovery to 1 day or less.
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Acknowledgments
The SEAONC Committee on PBSD of Tall Buildings is acknowledged for their effort in developing the existing tall building database for San Francisco. Jack Baker and Jongwon Lee are thanked for their guidance in the seismic hazard and ground motion selection work. Sean Merrifield and Jenni Tipler are thanked for their support in the development of the PACT analysis model and Eduardo Miranda for guidance on the overall loss assessment, particualy with regards to residual drift considerations. Laurence Kornfield is thanked for providing insight on how to maximize the impact of the research reported in this paper on future policy in San Francisco. Arup is thanked for providing research funds to conduct this work. Tiziana Rossetto is thanked for enabling Carlos Molina Hutt to temporarily relocate to San Francisco to work on this research.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 8 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 5, 2013
Accepted: Feb 26, 2015
Published online: May 14, 2015
Discussion open until: Oct 14, 2015
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
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