Initial Drop Velocity in a Fixed Spray Plate Sprinkler
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 139, Issue 7
Abstract
Ballistic simulation has been successfully applied to impact sprinklers. However, ballistic simulation of center pivot sprinkler irrigation has been limited by the difficulty in estimating the initial drop velocity vector in fixed and rotating spray plate sprinklers. Initial velocity is severely affected by the impact of the jet on the sprinkler deflecting plate (or plates). In this work, experimental techniques based on drop photography have been used to obtain the droplet velocity and angle in the vicinity of a fixed spray plate sprinkler by using three different nozzle diameters. Furthermore, simulation techniques based on the inverse solution of drop trajectory were combined to determine the initial velocity vector and energy loss at the spray. Our analysis suggests that the ballistic model can be used to simulate drop inverse trajectory in these sprinklers, although the ballistic model can benefit from 5 to 10% effective drag-force screening. The ratio of initial drop velocity to jet velocity was between 0.67 and 0.82, whereas the kinetic energy losses in the spray sprinklers amounted to 33–55%.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the national research, development, and innovation plan of the Government of Spain (Plan Nacional de ) through Grant AGL2010-21681-C03-01 and by the Special Intramural Grant 200940I041 of CSIC (funding G. Sánchez Burillo). R. Delirhasannia received a scholarship from the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology of Iran to perform a scientific stay at the Aula Dei Experimental Station of CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain.
References
Carrión, P., Tarjuelo, J. M., and Montero, J. (2001). “SIRIAS: A simulation model for sprinkler irrigation. I: Description of model.” Irrig. Sci., 20(2), 73–84.
Dechmi, F., Playán, E., Cavero, J., Martínez-Cob, A., and Faci, J. M. (2004). “A coupled crop and solid set sprinkler simulation model. I: Model development.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 130(6), 499–510.
Dechmi, F., Playán, E., Faci, J. M., and Cavero, J. (2010). “Simulation of sprinkler irrigation water uniformity impact on corn yield.” Span. J. Agric. Res., 8(S2), S143–S151.
Delirhasannia, R., Paniagua, P., Latorre, B., Sánchez Burillo, G., Burguete, J., and Playán, E. (2012). “FSPSD: A set of measured drop data with fixed spray plate sprinklers.” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 〈http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/47011〉 (Apr. 04, 2013).
Delirhasannia, R., Sadraddini, A. A., Nazemi, A. H., Farsadizadeh, D., and Playán, E. (2010). “Dynamic model for water application using centre pivot irrigation.” Biosyst. Eng., 105(4), 476–485.
Faci, J. M., Salvador, R., Playán, E., and Sourell, H. (2001). “A comparison of fixed and rotating spray plate sprinklers.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 127(4), 224–233.
Fukui, Y., Nakanishi, K., and Okamura, S. (1980). “Computer evaluation of sprinkler irrigation uniformity.” Irrig. Sci., 2(1), 23–32.
Kincaid, D. C. (1996). “Spraydrop kinetic energy from irrigation sprinklers.” Trans. ASAE, 39(3), 847–853.
King, B. A., Winward, T. W., and Bjorneberg, D. L. (2010). “Laser precipitation monitor for measurement of drop size and velocity of moving spray-plate sprinklers.” Appl. Eng. Agric., 26(2), 263–271.
Montero, J., Tarjuelo, J. M., and Carrión, P. (2001). “SIRIAS: A simulation model for sprinkler irrigation. II: Calibration and validation of the model.” Irrig. Sci., 20(2), 85–98.
Omary, M., and Sumner, H. (2001). “Modeling water distribution for irrigation machine with small spray nozzles.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 127(3), 156–160.
Playán, E., Garrido, S., Faci, J. M., and Galán, A. (2004). “Characterizing pivot sprinklers using an experimental irrigation machine.” Agric. Water Manage., 70(3), 177–193.
Playán, E., et al. (2006). “Assessing sprinkler irrigation uniformity using a ballistic simulation model.” Agric. Water Manage., 84(1–2), 89–100.
Pruppacher, H. R., and Pitter, R. L. (1971). “A semi-empirical determination of the shape of cloud and rain drops.” J. Atmos. Sci., 28(1), 86–94.
Salvador, R., Bautista-Capetillo, C., Burguete, J., Zapata, N., and Playán, E. (2009). “A photographic methodology for drop characterization in agricultural sprinklers.” Irrig. Sci., 27(4), 307–317.
Seginer, I. (1965). “Tangential velocity of sprinkler drops.” Trans. ASAE, 8(1), 90–93.
Seginer, I., Nir, D., and von Bernuth, R. D. (1991). “Simulation of wind-distorted sprinkler patterns.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 117(2), 285–305.
Vories, E. D., von Bernuth, R. D., and Mickelson, R. H. (1987). “Simulating sprinkler performance in wind.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 113(1), 119–130.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 139 • Issue 7 • July 2013
Pages: 521 - 531
Copyright
© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 18, 2012
Accepted: Dec 28, 2012
Published online: Jan 2, 2013
Published in print: Jul 1, 2013
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.