Energy Dissipation of a Type III Basin under Design and Adverse Conditions for Stepped and Smooth Spillways
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Volume 144, Issue 7
Abstract
New information regarding the influence of a stepped chute on the hydraulic performance of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) Type III hydraulic jump stilling basin is presented for design (steady) and adverse (decreasing tailwater) conditions. Using published experimental data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, this paper presents a detailed comparison between smooth-chute and stepped-chute configurations for chute slopes of 0.8H:1V and 4H:1V and Froude numbers () ranging from 3.1 to 9.5 for a Type III basin designed for = 8. For both stepped and smooth chutes, the relative role of each basin element was quantified, up to the most hydraulic extreme case of jump sweep-out. It was found that, relative to a smooth chute, the turbulence generated by a stepped chute causes a higher maximum velocity decay within the stilling basin, which represents an enhancement of the Type III basin’s performance but also a change in the relative role of the basin elements. Results provide insight into the ability of the CFD models [unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with renormalization group (RNG) turbulence model and volume-of-fluid (VOF) for free surface tracking] to predict the transient basin flow structure and velocity profiles. Type III basins can perform adequately with a stepped chute despite the effects steps have on the relative role of each basin element. It is concluded that the classic Type III basin design, based upon methodology by reclamation specific to smooth chutes, can be hydraulically improved for the case of stepped chutes for design and adverse flow conditions using the information presented herein.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank Dr. Amador for sharing his PIV data on stepped spillways, Dr. Castro-Orgaz for sharing historical data he gathered on smooth spillways, and Dr. Zhang and Prof. Chanson for sharing their velocity data on stepped spillways. The authors also thank Mr. Frizell and Mr. Burgi (retired, Reclamation) for their comments during the preparation of this work.
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Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 7 • July 2018
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©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 17, 2017
Accepted: Jan 5, 2018
Published online: Apr 30, 2018
Published in print: Jul 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Sep 30, 2018
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