Wall Shear Stress in the Early Stage of Unsteady Turbulent Pipe Flow
This article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONPublication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 5
Abstract
Conventionally, wall shear stress in an unsteady turbulent pipe flow is decomposed into a quasi-steady component and an “unsteady wall shear stress” component. Whereas the former is evaluated by using “standard” steady flow correlations, extensive research has been carried out to develop methods to predict the latter leading to various unsteady friction models. A different approach of decomposition is used in the present paper whereby the wall shear in an unsteady flow is split into the initial steady value and perturbations from it. It is shown that in the early stages of an unsteady turbulent pipe flow, these perturbations are well described by a laminar-flow formulation. This allows simple expressions to be derived for unsteady friction predictions, which are in good agreement with experimental and computational results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge that the work reported in this paper has been stimulated by research sponsored through EC-HYDRALAB III contract UNSPECIFIED022441 (R113) and the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through grants EPSRC-GBEP/C015177/1 and EPSRC-GBEP/C015479/1.
References
Bergant, A., Simpson, A. R., and Vitkovsky, J. (2001). “Developments in unsteady pipe flow friction modelling.” J. Hydraul. Res., 39(3), 249–257.
Brereton, G. J. (2000). “The interdependence of friction, pressure gradient, and flow rate in unsteady laminar parallel flows.” Phys. Fluids, 12(3), 518–530.
Brunone, B., Golia, U. M., and Greco, M. (1991). ‘‘Some remarks on the momentum equation for fast transients.’’ Proc., Int. Conf. on Hydraulic Transients With Water Column Separation, IAHR, Valencia, Spain, 201–209.
Brunone, B., Golia, U. M., and Greco, M. (1995). “Effects of two-dimensionality on pipe transients Modeling.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 121(12), 906–912.
Ghidaoui, M. S., and Mansour, S. (2002). “Efficient treatment of the Vardy-Brown unsteady shear in pipe transients.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 128(1), 102–112.
Ghidaoui, M. S., Zhao, M., McInnis, D. A., and Axworthy, D. H. (2005). “A review of water hammer theory and practice.” Appl. Mech. Rev., 58(1), 49–76.
Greenblatt, D., and Moss, E. A. (1999). “Pipe-flow relaminarization by temporal acceleration.” Phys. Fluids, 11(11), 3478–3481.
Greenblatt, D., and Moss, E. A. (2004). “Rapid temporal acceleration of a turbulent pipe flow.” J. Fluid Mech., 514, 65–75.
He, S., Ariyaratne, C., and Vardy, A. E. (2008). “A computational study of wall friction and turbulence dynamics in accelerating pipe flows.” Comput. Fluids, 37(6), 674–689.
He, S., and Jackson, J. D. (2000). “A study of turbulence under conditions of transient flow in a pipe.” J. Fluid Mech., 408(01), 1–38.
He, S., and Jackson, J. D. (2009). “An experimental study of pulsating turbulent flow in a pipe.” Eur. J. Mech. B, Fluids, 28(2), 309–320.
Pezzinga, G. (2000). “Evaluation of unsteady flow resistances by quasi-2D or 1D models.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 126(10), 778–785.
Pezzinga, G. (2009). “Local balance unsteady friction model.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 135(1), 45–56.
Ramos, H., Covas, D., Borga, A., and Loureiro, D. (2004). “Surge damping in pipe systems: Modeling and experiments.” J. Hydraul. Res., 42(4), 413–425.
Trikha, A. K. (1975). “An efficient method for simulating frequency dependent friction in transient liquid flow.” J. Fluids Eng., 97(1), 97–105.
Vardy, A. E., et al. (2009). “Unsteady skin friction experimentation in a large diameter pipe.” 3rd IAHR Int. Meeting of the Workgroup on Cavitation and Dynamic Problems in Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, IAHR, Brno, Czech Republic.
Vardy, A. E., and Brown, J. M. B. (2003). “Transient turbulent friction in smooth pipe flows.” J. Sound Vib., 259(5), 1011–1036.
Vitkovsky, J. P., Bergant, A., Simpson, A. R., and Lambert, M. F. (2006). “Systematic evaluation of one-dimensional unsteady friction models in simple pipelines.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 132(7), 696–708.
Zielke, W. (1968). “Frequency-dependent friction in transient pipe flow.” J. Basic Eng., 90(1), 109–115.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 6, 2010
Accepted: Oct 5, 2010
Published online: Nov 24, 2010
Published in print: May 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.