Quantitative Comparison of Spectra from 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods in Monitoring Imbibition Behavior of Tight Reservoirs
Publication: Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 6
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used in monitoring the imbibition behavior of oil/gas reservoirs, especially the spectrum. Most spectra are obtained from one dimensional (1D) NMR, but less research is related to spectra from two dimensional (2D) NMR. Understanding the difference between these two methods helps take advantage of NMR in monitoring imbibition behavior. The main experiment is the imbibition behavior monitored by 1D and 2D NMR. Samples are tight sand from the Upper Paleozoic Taiyuan and Shihezi formations in the eastern Ordos Basin, which is full of natural gas, and the testing liquid is distilled water. The spectra from 1D and 2D NMR increase with imbibition time, which shows that liquid increases among pore spaces. More peaks are in 2D spectra than in 1D spectra, which shows that 2D spectra can differentiate more types of proton signal. In dry state, a higher signal is 0.01–0.1 ms in 2D spectra than in 1D spectra, whereas the signal 0.1–1 ms is the opposite. This indicates that more signals are interpreted as short values in 2D spectra, and these signals mainly correspond to crystal water. In spontaneous imbibition with 30 min and 1 h, the signal of 0.01–0.1 ms in 2D spectra is much higher than in 1D spectra, because of the crystal water and water film effect. The signals in 1–10 ms are close between 1D and 2D spectra, which indicates that imbibed liquid in this interval is interpreted the same. Overall, compared with 1D spectra, 2D spectra can differentiate more types of proton and are suggested to monitor the imbibition behavior of tight reservoirs.
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Data Availability Statement
All data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42102160) and the “CUG Scholar” Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (Project No. 2022077).
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Journal of Energy Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 6 • December 2022
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 17, 2022
Accepted: Jul 20, 2022
Published online: Oct 12, 2022
Published in print: Dec 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Mar 12, 2023
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