A Model for Coupled Fluid Velocity and Suspended Sediment Concentration in an Unsteady Stratified Turbulent Flow through an Open Channel
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 149, Issue 1
Abstract
This study investigates the simultaneous distribution of suspended sediment concentration and streamwise velocity in an unsteady, uniform, one-dimensional sediment-laden open-channel flow. Theoretical models for concentration and velocity have been developed, incorporating the stratification effect through the coefficients of stratified sediment diffusivity and the hindered settling effect through the exponent coefficient of settling velocity reduction. The resulting coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are highly nonlinear in nature and are solved numerically. The results indicate that the effects of stratification and hindered settling on concentration profiles exhibited less change over a period of time for the sediment-free initial conditions than for the uniform initial conditions. For the case of uniform initial concentration, it has been found that the effect of hindered settling on the concentration profiles is present only in the main flow region for the parabolic profile of eddy diffusivity, whereas for constant and linear profiles of eddy diffusivity, the effects can also be observed near the free surface initially. At a large time, this effect could only be noticed in the main flow region of concentration profiles for all three models of eddy diffusivity. A sensitivity analysis is presented showing the strong influence of the reference concentration on the concentration profiles. The numerical solution has been compared with previously obtained solutions as well as with experimental data for both unsteady and steady flow conditions under some restrictions. Good agreement has been observed in all the cases, which shows that the proposed model is capable of predicting the simultaneous distributions of velocity and sediment concentration efficiently.
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Data Availability Statement
We have created a MATLAB code for the solution of the coupled system. All experimental data have been taken from published papers.
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 149 • Issue 1 • January 2023
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 25, 2021
Accepted: Jul 3, 2022
Published online: Nov 4, 2022
Published in print: Jan 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Apr 4, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Channel flow
- Channels (waterway)
- Diffusion
- Engineering mechanics
- Flow (fluid dynamics)
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid flow
- Fluid mechanics
- Fluid velocity
- Hydraulic engineering
- Hydraulic structures
- Hydrologic engineering
- Open channel flow
- Open channels
- River engineering
- Sediment
- Suspended sediment
- Thermodynamics
- Transport phenomena
- Velocity distribution
- Water and water resources
- Waterways
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Cited by
- Sourav Hossain, Sumit Sen, Koeli Ghoshal, Anirban Dhar, Combined Impact of Density Stratification and Hindered Settling on Nonequilibrium Suspended Sediment Transport in Open Channel Flows, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-5910, 28, 8, (2023).
- Rafik Absi, Suspended Sediments in Environmental Flows: Interpretation of Concentration Profiles Shapes, Hydrology, 10.3390/hydrology10010005, 10, 1, (5), (2022).