Bond Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars under Direct Pullout Conditions
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 8, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper examines the behavior of Eurocrete fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars (glass, carbon, aramid, and hybrid) in concrete under direct pullout conditions. More than 130 cube specimens were tested in direct pullout where no splitting was allowed to develop. In normal concrete, the mode of bond failure of FRP bars was found to differ substantially from that of deformed steel bars because of damage to the resin rich surface of the bar when pullout takes place. Bond strengths developed by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer and glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars appear to be very similar and just below what is expected from deformed steel bars under similar experimental conditions. The load slip curves highlight some of the fundamental differences between steel and FRP materials. This paper reports in detail on the influence of various parameters that affect bond strength and development such as the embedment length, type, shape, surface characteristics, and diameter of the bar as well as concrete strength. The testing arrangement is also shown to influence bond strength because of the “wedging effect” of the bars.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Achillides, Z. (1998). “Bond behaviour of FRP bars in concrete.” PhD thesis, Centre for Cement and Concrete, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K.
Achillides, Z., Pilakoutas, K., and Waldron, P. (1997a). “Modelling of FRP rebar bond behaviour.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, 14–16, Japan Concrete Society, Sapporo, Japan, 423–430.
Achillides, Z., Pilakoutas, K., and Waldron, P. (1997b). “Bond behaviour of FRP bars to concrete.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Japan Concrete Society, Sapporo, Japan, 341–348.
Cairns, J., and Abdullah, R. ( 1995 ). “ An evaluation of bond pullout tests and their relevance to structural performance. ” Struct. Eng., 73 ( 11 ), 179 – 185.
CEB Bulletin 151. (1982). “Bond action and bond behaviour of reinforcement.” State-of-the-Art Report, Comitee Euro-international du Beton Bulletin 151, Paris.
Chaallal, O., and Benmokrane, B.(1993). “Pullout and bond of glass-fibre rods embedded in concrete and cement grout.” Mater. Struct., Vol.26(April), 167–175.
Clarke, J., and Waldron, P. ( 1996 ). “ The reinforcement of concrete structures with advanced composites. ” Struct. Eng., 74 ( 3 ), 283 – 288.
Duranovic, N., Pilakoutas, K., and Waldron, P. (1995). “General testing arrangement on R.C. beams.” Rep. No. CCC/94/0017A, Centre for Cement and Concrete, Dept. of Civil and Structural Engineering, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K.
Head, P. R. (1996). “Advanced composites in civil engineering—A critical overview at this high interest, low use stage of development.” 2nd Int. Conf. Advanced Composite Materials in Bridges and Structures, Montreal, 3–16.
Institution of Structural Engineers. (1999). “Interim guidance on the design of reinforced concrete structures using fibre composite reinforcement.” IstructE, The Institution of Structural Engineers, London.
Larralde, J., and Silva-Rodriguez, R. ( 1993 ). “ Bond and slip of FRP rebars in concrete. ” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 5 ( 1 ), 30 – 40.
Losberg, A. (1963). “Force transfer and stress distribution at anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement.” Rep. No. 608, Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Dept. of Building Technology, Goteborg, Sweden, 49.
Malvar, J. L. ( 1995 ). “ Tensile and bond properties of GFRP reinforcing bars. ” J. ACI Materials, 92 ( 3 ), 276 – 285.
Nanni, A., Al-Zaharani, M., Al-Dulaijen, S., Bakis, S., and Boothby, T. (1995). “Bond of FRP reinforcement to concrete—Experimental results.” Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Proc., 2nd Int. RILEM Symp. (FRPRC5-2), L. Taerwe, ed., 137–145.
Pilakoutas, K. (2000). “Composites in concrete construction.” Failure Analysis of Industrial Composite Materials, A. Gdoutos, K. Pilakoutas, and C. Rodopoulos, eds., McGraw-Hill, New York, 449–497.
Pilakoutas, K., Achillides, Z., and Waldron, P. (1997). “Non-ferrous reinforcement in concrete structures.” Innovation in Composite Materials and Structures, M. B. Leeming and B. H. V. Topping, eds., Civil-Comp Ltd, Edinburgh, Scotland, 47–58.
RILEM/CEB/FIP. (1978). “Bond test for reinforcing steel 2: Pullout test.” Recommendation RC6, RILEM/CEB/FIP, Bagneux, France.
Rostasy, F. S. (1996). “FRP: The European perspective.” Fiber Composites in Infrastructure, 1st Int. Conf. in Infrastructure, H. Saadatmanesh and M. Ehsani, eds., 12–20.
Task Group Bond Models. (2000). “Bond of non-metallic reinforcement.” Chapter 7, Bond of Reinforcement in Concrete, Rep. fib bulletin 10, International Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, Switzerland, 315–394.
Tepfers, R., and Karlsson, M. (1997). “Pull-out and tensile reinforcement splice tests using FRP C-bars.” Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Japanese Concrete Institute, Sapporo, Japan, Vol. 2, 357–364.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 20, 2002
Accepted: Oct 2, 2002
Published online: Mar 15, 2004
Published in print: Apr 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.