Overview of Vibrational Structural Health Monitoring with Representative Case Studies
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 11, Issue 6
Abstract
In the field of nondestructive evaluation and damage detection, there is continued interest in the utilization of vibrational techniques. Structural damage will result in permanent changes in the distribution of structural stiffness. These changes may be detected through structural monitoring. Because of the direct relationship of stiffness, mass, and damping of a multi-degree-of-freedom system to the natural frequencies, mode shapes, and modal damping values, many studies have been directed at using these dynamic properties for the purpose of structural health monitoring. The use of vibrational monitoring is a developing field of structural analysis and is capable of assisting in both detecting and locating structural damage. Vibrational data have been shown to be most useful when used in conjunction with other monitoring systems if a remote and robust damage detection scheme is desired. This paper includes a literature review that summarizes the basic approaches to vibrational monitoring, suggested guidelines for sensor selection and monitoring, and concludes with three example case studies.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers would like to acknowledge the Federal Highway Administration (FHwA) and the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) for their generous support of the testing presented in these case studies.
References
Abdel-Ghaffar, A. M., and Scanlan, R. H. (1985). “Ambient vibration studies of Golden Gate Bridge: I. Suspended structure.” J. Eng. Mech., 111(4), 463–482.
Aggour, M. S., and Fouad, H. M. (1991). “Use of nondestructive testing techniques as a routine inspection procedure.” Rep. No. AW091-350-460, Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration, Hanover, Md.
Aktan, A. E., et al. (1997). “Structural identification for condition assessment: Experimental arts.” J. Struct. Eng., 123(12), 1674–1684.
Alampalli, S., Fu, G., and Dillon, E. W. (1995). “Measured bridge vibration for detection of structural damage.” Research Rep. No. 165, Transportation R&D Bureau, New York State Department of Transportation, N.Y.
Brincker, R., Ventura, C. E., and Andersen, P. (2001). “Damping estimation by frequency domain decomposition.” Proc., 19th Int. Modal Analysis Conf. (IMAC XIX), Kissimmee, Fla., 698–703.
Brown, C. J., Karuna, R., Ashkenazi, V., Roberts, G., and Evans, R. A. (1999). “Monitoring of structures using the global positioning system.” Proc., Institute of Civil Engineers Structures and Buildings, Wales, U.K., 97–105.
Calcada, R., Cunha, A., and Delgado, R. (2002). “Dynamic analysis of metallic arch railway bridge.” J. Bridge Eng., 7(4), 214–222.
Catbas, F. N., and Aktan, A. E. (2002). “Condition and damage assessment: Issues and some promising indices.” J. Struct. Eng., 128(8), 1026–1036.
Cawley, P., and Adam, R. D. (1979). “The location of defects in structures from measurements of natural frequencies.” J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des., 14(2), 49–57.
Chang, K.-C., and Lin, Y.-Y. (2004). “Seismic response of full-scale structure with added viscoelastic dampers.” J. Struct. Eng., 130(4), 600–608.
Cunha, A., Caetano, E., and Delgado, R. (2001). “Dynamic tests on large cable-stayed bridge.” J. Bridge Eng., 6(1), 54–62.
DeWolf, J. T., Culmo, M. P., and Lauzon, R. G. (1998). “Connecticut’s bridge infrastructure monitoring program for assessment.” J. Infrastruct. Syst., 4(2), 86–90.
Doebling, S., Farrar, C., and Prime, M. (1998). “A summary review of vibration-based damage identification methods.” Shock Vib. Dig., 30(2), 91–105.
Douglas, B. M., and Reid, W. H. (1982). “Dynamic tests and system identification of bridges.” ASCE J. Struct. Div., 108(10), 2295–2312.
Dye, T. M., and Halling, M. W. (2002). “Forced vibration testing of a permanently instrumented full-scale bridge,” Proc., 7th U.S. National Conf. on Earthquake Engineering (7NCEE), Boston.
Eberhard, M. O., and Marsh, M. L. (1997). “Lateral-load response of two reinforced concrete bents.” J. Bridge Eng., 123(4), 461–468.
Gentile, C., and Cabrera, F. (1997). “Dynamic investigation of a repaired cable-stayed bridge.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 26(1), 41–59.
Grigoriu, M., ed. (2004). J. Eng. Mech., 130(1).
Hales, M. B., and Halling, M. W. (2002). “Long-term bridge vibration monitoring using strong motion sensors.” Proc., IMAC-XX Conf. on Structure Dynamics, Los Angeles.
Halling, M., Ball, A., Esplin, R., and Hsieh, K. H. (2004). “Forced and ambient vibration testing and modeling of highway bridges.” Proc., 13WCEE, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Halling, M. W., Muhammad, I., and Womack, K. C. (2001). “Dynamic field testing for condition assessment of bridge bents.” J. Struct. Eng., 127(2), 161–167.
Huang, D. (2001). “Dynamic analysis of steel curved box girder bridges,” J. Bridge Eng., 6(6), 506–513.
Huber, M. S., Bay, J. A., Halling, M. W., and Womack, K. C. (2000). “Comparison of an impact source and a monochromatic source for modal testing of bridges.” Proc., Society of Photo-Optical Engineers 5th Ann. Int. Symposium on Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring of Aging Infrastructure, Newport Beach, Calif.
Jauregui, D. V., White, K. R., Woodward, C. B., and Leitch, K. R. (2003). “Noncontact photogrammetric measurement of vertical bridge deflection.” J. Bridge Eng., 8(4), 212–222.
Jones, N. P., and Scanlan, R. H. (2001). “Theory and full-bridge modeling of wind response of cable-supported bridges.” J. Bridge Eng., 6(6), 365–375.
Juang, J.-N., and Pappa, R. S. (1985). “An eigensystem realization algorithm for modal parameter identification and model reduction.” J. Guid. Control Dyn., 8(5), 620–627.
Juang, J.-N., Phan, M., Horta, L. G., and Longman, R. W. (1993). “Identification of observer/Kalman filter Markov parameters: Theory and experiments.” J. Guid. Control Dyn., 16(2), 320–329.
Kenecht, A., and Manetti, L. (2001). “Using GPS in structural health monitoring.” Proc., SPIE’s 8th Annual Int. Symp. on Smart Structures and Materials, Newport Beach, Calif.
Kim, J.-T., and Stubbs, N. (2003). “Nondestructive crack detection algorithm for full-scale bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 129(10), 1358–1366.
Kou, J.-W., and DeWolf, J. T. (1997). “Vibrational behavior of continuous span highway bridge—Influencing variables.” J. Struct. Eng., 123(3), 333–344.
Kramer, C., De Smet, C. A. M., and Peeters, B. (1999). “Comparison of ambient and forced vibration testing of civil engineering structures.” Proc., 17th Int. Modal Analysis Conf. (IMAC XVII), Kissimmee, Fla.
Liu, P. L. (1995). “Identification and damage detection of trusses using modal data,” J. Struct. Eng., 121(4), 599–608.
Liu, S., and Yao, J. T. P. (1978). “Structural identification concept.” J. Struct. Div., 104(12), 1845–1857.
Loland, O., and Dodds, C. J. (1976). “Experiences in developing and operating integrity monitoring system in North Sea.” Proc., 8th Annual Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, 313–319.
Maia, N. M. M., E Silva, J. M. M., He, J., Lieven, N. A. J., Lin, R. M., Skingle, G. W., To, W., and Urgueira, A. P. V. (1997). Theoretical and experimental modal analysis, Research Studies Press Ltd., Baldock, Hertfordshire, U.K.
Meng, X., Dodson, A. H., Roberts, G. W., Cosser, E., Barnes, J., and Rizos, C. (2004). “Impact of GPS satellite geometry on structural deformation monitoring: Analytical and empirical studies.” J. Geodesy, Berlin, 77(2), 809–822.
Oh, B. H., and Jung, B. S. (1998). “Structural damage assessment with combined data of static and modal tests.” J. Struct. Eng., 124(8), 956–965.
Peeters, B., Maeck, J., and De Roeck, G. (2001). “Vibration-based damage detection in civil engineering: Excitation sources and temperature effects.” Smart Mater. Struct., 10(3), 518–527.
Ren, W.-X., and De Roeck, G. (2002). “Structural damage identification using modal data II: Test verification.” J. Struct. Eng., 128(1), 96–104.
Ren, W.-X., Zatar, W., and Harik, I. E. (2004). “Ambient vibration-based seismic evaluation of a continuous girder bridge.” J. Engrg. Struct., 26, 631–640.
Salane, H. J., and Baldwin, J. W. (1990). “Identification of modal properties of bridges.” J. Struct. Eng., 116(7), 2008–2021.
Salawu, O. S., and Williams, C. (1995). “Bridge assessment using forced-vibration testing.” J. Struct. Eng., 121(2), 161–173.
Sanayei, M., and Saletnik, M. J. (1996). “Parameter estimation of structures from static strain measurements. I: Formulation.” J. Struct. Eng., 122(5), 555–562.
Sohn, H., Farrar, C., Hemez, F., Shunk, D., Stinemates, D., and Nadler, B. (2003). “A review of structural health monitoring literature: 1996-2001.” Rep. No. LA-13976-MS, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.M.
Stubbs, N., and Kim, J. T. (1996). “Damage localization in structures without baseline modal parameters.” AIAA J., 34(8), 1644–1649.
Stubbs, N., and Osegueda, R. A. (1990). “Global non-destructive damage evaluation in solids.” Int. J. Anal. Exp. Modal Anal., 5(2), 67–80.
Vandiver, J. K. (1975). “Detection of structural failure on fixed platforms by measurements of dynamic response.” Proc., 7th Annual Offshore Technology Conf., Houston, Vol. 2, 243–252.
Womack, K. C., Halling, M. W., and Bott, S. P. (2001). “Static and dynamic testing of a curved steel girder bridge in Salt Lake City, Utah.” Rep. No. UT-00.13, Utah Department of Transportation Research, Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah.
Xu, Y. L., Xia, H., and Yan, Q. S. (2003). “Dynamic response of suspension bridge to high wind and running train.” J. Bridge Eng., 8(1), 46–55.
Yanadori, N. (2004). “Static and dynamic behavior of a continuous steel I-girder bridge.” Master's thesis, Utah State Univ., Logan, Utah.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 11 • Issue 6 • November 2006
Pages: 707 - 715
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Nov 23, 2004
Accepted: Sep 27, 2005
Published online: Nov 1, 2006
Published in print: Nov 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.