Use of Flow Meters for Managing Water Supply Networks
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYThis article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 130, Issue 2
Abstract
A study of water consumption data collection and processing in the context of on-line monitoring and burst detection in water distribution networks is presented using a methodology for positioning of flow meters and selection of a monitoring time step. A stochastic model analyzes the propagation of initial uncertainty in water consumption through a water supply network and its influence on calculated flows. The model combines EPANET and a Monte Carlo based random sampling procedure that simulates the usage of domestic appliances. The model is validated on a medium-sized water distribution network, located in the southeast region of England. Statistical analysis of the calculated flows suggests that flow meters should be located at pipes with the highest variance in flow in order to make sudden changes in monitored flow detectable. As a result, an appropriate size of a district metering area (DMA) can be proposed. For the case study network studied here, a compromise DMA size of 250 properties is suggested.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Alegre, H. (1992). “Decision support tools for technical management of water distribution systems.” PhD thesis, Vol. 1 of the series Thesis and Research Programmes, LNEC, Lisbon, Portugal, 284–290 (in Portuguese).
Buchberger, S. G., and Wells, G. J.(1996). “Intensity, duration, and frequency of residential water demands.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 122(1), 11–19.
Buchberger, S. G., and Wu, L.(1995). “Model for instantaneous residential water demands.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 121(3), 232–246.
Burrows, R., Tanyimoh, T. T., and Tabesh, M. (2000). “Some reflections on the building and calibration of useful network models.” Proc., Water Network Modelling for Optimal Design and Management, Exeter, U.K., 33–42.
Bush, C. A., and Uber, G. U.(1998). “Sampling design methods for water distribution model calibration.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(6), 334–344.
Butler, D., and Graham, N. J. D.(1995). “Modeling dry weather wastewater flow in sewer networks.” J. Environ. Eng., 121(2), 161–173.
Fishman, G. S. (1996). Monte Carlo: Concepts, algorithms and applications, Springer, New York, 153–156.
Ivetic, M. (1996). Racunska hidraulika: Tecenje u cevima, Gradjevinski fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, 34–51 (in Serbian).
Janković-Nišić, B. (2002). “Uncertainty management for on-line monitoring and burst detection in water distribution networks.” PhD thesis, University of London, London, 158–161.
Lingireddy, S., Wood, D. J., and Nelson, A.(1998). “Modified pipe network model for incorporating peak demand requirements.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(5), 296–299.
Martin, L., Scales, P., and Edwards, K. (1994). Surveying domestic water consumption, Anglian Water Services Ltd., Lincolnshire, U.K.
Martinez, F. A., and Izquierdo, J. S. (1994). “Repaso a los metodos de calculo mas importantes.” Analisis, Diseno y Operacion de Redes Hidraulicas a Presion (EUFORM 93), Vol. 1, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain (in Spanish).
Obradovic, D., and Lonsdale, P. (1998). Public water supply: Data, models and operational management, E&FN Spon, New York.
Orr, C., Boulos, P. F., Stern, C. T., and Liu, P. E. P. (1999). “Developing real-time models of water distribution systems.” Proc., Water Industry Systems: Modelling and Optimization Applications, Vol. 1, D. A. Savic and G. A. Walters, eds., Research Studies, Hertfordshire, U.K., 175–185.
Rubinstein, R. Y. (1981). Simulation and the Monte Carlo method, Wiley, New York.
Salgado, R., Todini, E., and O’Connell, P. E. (1987). “Comparison of the gradient method with some traditional methods for the analysis of water supply distribution networks.” Computer applications in water supply, Vol. 1, B. Coulbeck and C. H. Orr, eds., Research Studies, Hertfordshire, U.K., 38–62.
Skipworth, P. J., Saul, A. J., and Machell, J.(1999). “Practical application of real-time modelling of water distribution networks.” Int. J. COMADEM, 2(1), 15–21.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2000). EPANET version 2.0, 〈http://www.epa.gov/ORD/NRMRL/wswrd/epanet.html〉.
WRc. (1994). Managing Leakage reports, WRc, U.K.
Xu, C., and Goulter, I. C.(1998). “Probabilistic model for water distribution reliability.” J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage., 124(4), 218–228.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 130 • Issue 2 • March 2004
Pages: 171 - 179
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 28, 2001
Accepted: Apr 25, 2003
Published online: Feb 19, 2004
Published in print: Mar 2004
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.