TECHNICAL NOTES
Nov 15, 2002
Drop in Combined Sewer Manhole for Supercritical Flow
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 128, Issue 6
Abstract
Manholes often contain small drops for various reasons, the most important being submergence. While this may be appropriate for subcritical flow, its effect was considered doubtful for supercritical flow. This note aims at investigating the effect of a manhole drop on the hydraulics of sewer flow. Based on systematic experimental observations, the flow pattern associated with a manhole drop was established. A distinction was also made between small and intermediate drops. Then, the main wave features were analyzed to result in expressions that contain both the upstream filling ratio and the Froude number of the approach flow. In addition, the discharge capacity was also investigated, and selected photographs show typical drop flow in combined sewer manholes. The result of the present study is evident, based on these observations, and recommendations towards future design of combined sewer manholes are also made.
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References
Gargano, R., and Hager, W. H.(2002). “Supercritical flow across sewer manholes.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 128(11), 1014–1017.
Hager, W. H. (1999). Wastewater hydraulics, Springer, Berlin.
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Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 13, 2001
Accepted: Jan 3, 2002
Published online: Nov 15, 2002
Published in print: Dec 2002
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Authors
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Flavio De Martino
Student, Seconda Univ. di Napoli, Via Roma 29, I-81031 Aversa, Italy.
Corrado Gisonni, M.ASCE
Professor, Seconda Univ. di Napoli, Via Roma 29, I-81031 Aversa, Italy.
Willi H. Hager, F.ASCE
Professor, VAW, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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