Measurements of Sediment Erosion and Transport with the Adjustable Shear Stress Erosion and Transport Flume
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 129, Issue 11
Abstract
Soil and sediments play an important role in water management and water quality. Issues such as water turbidity, associated contaminants, reservoir sedimentation, undesirable erosion and scour, and aquatic habitat are all linked to sediment properties and behaviors. In situ analysis is necessary to develop an understanding of the erosion and transport of sediments. Sandia National Laboratories has recently patented the Adjustable Shear Stress Erosion and Transport (ASSET) Flume that quantifies in situ erosion of a sediment core with depth while affording simultaneous examination of transport modes (bedload versus suspended load) of the eroded material. Core erosion rates and ratios of bedload to suspended load transport of quartz sediments were studied with the ASSET Flume. The erosion and transport of a fine-grained natural cohesive sediment were also observed. Experiments using quartz sands revealed that the ratio of suspended load to bedload sediment transport is a function of grain diameter and shear stress at the sediment surface. Data collected from the ASSET Flume were used to formulate a novel empirical relation for predicting the ratio of bedload to suspended load as a function of shear stress and grain diameter for noncohesive sediments.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Bagnold, R. A. (1966). “An approach to the sediment transport problem for general physics.” Geological Survey Professional Paper 422-1, Washington, D.C.
Bagnold, R. A.(1973). “The nature of saltation and ‘bedload’ transport in water.” Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 332, 473–504.
Dyer, K. (1986). Coastal and estuarine sediment dynamics, Wiley, New York.
Gust, G.(1976). “Observations on turbulent-drag reduction in a dilute suspension of clay in sea-water.” J. Fluid Mech., 75(1), 29–47.
Jepsen, R., Roberts, J., and Lick, W.(1997a). “Effects of bulk density on sediment erosion rates.” Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 99, 21–31.
Jepsen, R., Roberts, J., and Lick, W. (1997b). “Long Beach Harbor sediment study.” Report to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles District.
Jepsen, R., Roberts, J., and Lick, W. (1998). “New York Harbor sediment study.” Report to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New York District.
Jepsen, R., Roberts, J., and Lick, W.(1999a). “Effects of gas generation on the density and erosion of sediments from the Grand River.” J. Great Lakes Res., 26(2), 209–219.
Jepsen, R., Roberts, J., and Lick, W. (1999b). “Grand River sediment study.” Report to the EPA, Great Lakes District.
Keulegan, G. H.(1938). “Laws of turbulent flows in open channels.” J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand., 21, 707–741.
Komar, P. D., and Reimers, C. E.(1978). “Grain shape effects on settling rates.” J. Geol., 86, 193–209.
McCave, I. N.(1971). “Sand waves in the North Sea off the coast of Holland.” Mar. Geol., 10, 199–225.
McNeil, J., Taylor, C., and Lick, W.(1996). “Measurements of erosion of undisturbed bottom sediments with depth.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 122(6), 316–324.
Miller, M. C., McCave, I. N., and Komar, P. D.(1977). “Threshold of sediment motion under unidirectional currents.” Sedimentology, 24, 507–528.
Ni, F., and Matousek, V.(1999). “Flow of aqueous mixture of sand composed of fractions of different particle size.” Proc. Hydrotransport, 14, 31–44.
Roberts, J., and Jepsen, R. (2001). “Separation of bedload and suspended load with modified high shear stress flume.” SAND2001–2162, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, N.M. 87185.
Roberts, J., Jepsen, R., and Lick, W.(1998). “Effects of particle size and bulk density on erosion of quartz particles.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 124(12), 1261–1267.
Schlicting, H. (1979). Boundary-Layer Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York.
van Rijn, L. C.(1984a). “Sediment transport, I: Bedload transport.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 110(10), 1431–1456.
van Rijn, L. C.(1984b). “Sediment transport, II: Suspended load transport.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 110(11), 1613–1641.
van Rijn, L. C.(1984c). “Sediment transport, III: Bed forms and alluvial roughness.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 110(12), 1733–1754.
White, S. J.(1970). “Plane bed thresholds of fine-grained sediments.” Nature (London), 228, 152–153.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 129 • Issue 11 • November 2003
Pages: 862 - 871
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 5, 2002
Accepted: Apr 9, 2003
Published online: Oct 15, 2003
Published in print: Nov 2003
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.