Application of Neural Networks in Stratified Flow Stability Analysis
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 7
Abstract
A feed-forward back-propagation-type neural network was used to predict the flow conditions when interfacial mixing in stratified estuaries commences. This was achieved by training the network to extrapolate data from laboratory experiments performed over many years by several researchers. Before this training could be carried out, however, many decisions concerning the size of the network required and its training parameters had to be made. These decisions were made on the basis of successfully training a similar stratified flow condition, that of thermal wedges downstream of a power plant's outlet, where the theoretical solution is known. Finally, these results were compared with an approximate stability equation utilizing results from inviscid flow theory, rough turbulent flow theory, and laboratory experiments on interfacial friction. Although the agreement was not exact, it was close enough to predict what the stability conditions in real estuaries should be. This prediction was verified with the only prototype data available, that from three fjords, which agreed with both the neural network and theoretical results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Arita, M., and Jirka, G. H.(1987). “Two-layer model of saline wedge. I: Entrainment and interfacial friction; II: prediction of mean properties.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 113(10), 1229–1263.
2.
Caudill, M. (1990). AI Expert; neural network primer . Miller Freeman Publications, San Francisco, Calif.
3.
Dermissis, V., and Partheniades, E.(1984). “Interfacial resistance in stratified flows.”J. Wtrwy., Port, Coast., and Oc. Engrg., ASCE, 110(2), 231–250.
4.
Dermissis, V., and Partheniades, E.(1985). “Dominant shear stresses in arrested saline wedges.”J. Wtrwy., Port, Coast., and Oc. Engrg., ASCE, 111(4), 733–752.
5.
Ekman, V. W. (1906). “Chapter 25: on dead-water.”Scientific results of the Norwegian North Pole expedition 1893–1896, Vol. 5, F. Nansen, ed., Greenwood Press, New York, N.Y.
6.
French, R. H.(1979). “Interfacial stability in channel flows.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 105(8), 955–967.
7.
Grubert, J. P. (1980). “Experiments on arrested saline wedge.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE 106(6), 945–960.
8.
Grubert, J. P.(1989a). “Interfacial mixing in stratified channel flows.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 115(7), 887–905.
9.
Grubert, J. P.(1989b). “Interfacial stability in stratified channel flows.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 115(9), 1185–1203.
10.
Grubert, J. P.(1990). “Interfacial mixing in estuaries and fjords.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 116(2), 176–195.
11.
Hecht-Nielsen, R. (1987). Neurocomputing . Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. Inc., Reading, Mass.
12.
Ippen, A., and Harleman, D. (1952). “Steady-state characteristics of subsurface flow.”Contribution No. 12, Gravity Waves; Circular 521. U.S. Nat. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., 79–93.
13.
Jeffreys, H. (1925). “On the formation of water waves by wind.”Proc., Royal Soc. of London, England, Vol. 107A, 189–206.
14.
Karunanithi, N., Grenney, W. J., Whitley, D., and Bovee, K.(1994). “Neural networks for river flow prediction.”J. Computing in Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 8(2), 201–220.
15.
Keulegan, G. H. (1949). “Interfacial instability and mixing in stratified flows.”Res. Paper RP2040, U.S. Nat. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., Vol. 43, 487–500.
16.
Lofquist, L.(1960). “Flow and stress near an interface between stratified liquids.”The Physics of Fluids, 3(2), 158–175.
17.
Rumer, R. R. Jr.(1973). “Interfacial wave breaking in stratified liquids.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 99(3), 509–524.
18.
Taylor, G. I. (1931). “Effect of variation in density on the stability of superposed streams of fluid.”Proc., Royal Soc. of London, England, Vol. 132A, 499–523.
19.
Thorpe, S. A.(1969). “Neural eigensolution of the stability equation for stratified shear flow.”J. Fluid Mech., 36(4), 673–683.
20.
Turner, J. S. (1973). Buoyancy effects in fluids . Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England.
21.
Yeh, Y.-C., Kuo, Y.-H., and Hsu, D. S.(1993). “Building KBES for diagnosing PC pile with artificial neural network.”J. Computing in Civ. Engrg., ASCE, 7(1), 71–93.
22.
Yih, C. S. (1965). Dynamics of nonhomogeneous fluids . The MacMillan Co., New York, N.Y.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 7 • July 1995
Pages: 523 - 532
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1995
Published in print: Jul 1995
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.