Characteristics of Undular Hydraulic Jumps: Experimental Apparatus and Flow Patterns
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Volume 121, Issue 2
Abstract
In open channels, the transition from supercritical to subcritical flows is called a hydraulic jump. For low upstream Froude numbers, free-surface undulations develop downstream of the jump and the hydraulic jump is called an undular jump. New experiments on undular hydraulic jumps were performed in a rectangular channel in which the upstream flows were fully developed turbulent shear flows. In this paper, the main flow patterns are described. Visual and photographic observations indicate five types of undular jumps. One of the main flow characteristics is the presence of lateral shock waves for Froude numbers larger than 1.2. The results show that the disappearance of undular jump occurs for Froude numbers ranging from 1.5 to 2.9, and the wavelength and amplitude of free-surface undulations are functions of the upstream Froude number and the aspect ratio y c /W.
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Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 2 • February 1995
Pages: 129 - 144
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Feb 1, 1995
Published in print: Feb 1995
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