Large-Eddy Simulation of High Reynolds Number Turbulent Flow Past a Square Cylinder
This article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONThis article has been corrected.
VIEW CORRECTIONPublication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 132, Issue 3
Abstract
Flow past a square cylinder at a Reynolds number of 21,400 has been studied numerically using the large-eddy simulation technique. A dynamic subgrid-scale stress model has been used for the small scales of turbulence. The time- and span-averaged axial and transverse velocities in the downstream of the cylinder are in good agreement with the experimental results. The distribution of turbulent normal and shear stresses is also well predicted. The coherent and incoherent components of turbulent fluctuations at some specified phases have been separated and their relative magnitudes downstream of the cylinder have been compared. The comparison shows more coherence in the near wake than the far wake, while the coherent and incoherent components are of comparable magnitude in the far wake. The far wake shows irregular phase-averaged structures.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The research was supported by the ARDB Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDRD/134/100/10/2000-01/1032. The authors are grateful to Professor Y. V. C. Rao for useful discussions.
References
Breuer, M. (2000). “A challenging test case for large eddy simulation: High Reynolds number circular cylinder flow.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 21, 648–654.
Breuer, M., Bernsdorf, J., Zeiser, T., and Durst, F. (2000). “Accurate computations of the laminar flow past a square cylinder based on two different methods: Lattice-Boltzmann and finite volume.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 21, 186–196.
Dalton, C., and Zheng, W. (2003). “Numerical solutions of viscous uniform approach flow past square and diamond cylinders.” J. Fluids Struct., 18, 455–465.
Davis, R. W., and Moore, E. F. (1982). “A numerical study of vortex shedding from rectangles.” J. Fluid Mech., 116, 475–506.
Durão, D. F. G., Heitor, M. V., and Pereira, J. C. F. (1998). “Measurements of turbulent and periodic flows around a square cross-section cylinder.” Exp. Fluids, 6, 298–304.
Germano, M., Piomelli, U., Moin, P., and Cabot, W. H. (1991). “A dynamic subgrid-scale eddy viscosity model.” Phys. Fluids A, 3, 1760–1765.
Ghosal, S., Lund, T. S., Moin, P., and Akselvoll, K. (1995). “A dynamic localization model for large eddy simulation of turbulent flows.” J. Fluid Mech., 286, 229–256.
Harlow, F. W., and Welch, J. E. (1965). “Numerical calculation of time dependent viscous incompressible flow of fluid with free surfaces.” Phys. Fluids, 8, 2182–2188.
Hussain, A. K. M. F. (1983). “Coherent structures—reality and myth.” Phys. Fluids, 26(10), 2816–2850.
Kim, J., and Moin, P. (1985). “Application of a fractional-step method to incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.” J. Comput. Phys., 59, 308–323.
Le, H., Moin, P., and Kim, J. (1997). “Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over a backward-facing step.” J. Fluid Mech., 330, 349–374.
Lee, B. E. (1975). “The effects of turbulence on the surface pressure field of a square prism.” J. Fluid Mech., 69, 263–282.
Lilly, D. K. (1967). “The representation of small-scale turbulence in numerical simulation of experiments.” Proc. IBM Scientific Computing Symposium on Environmental Sciences, York Town Heights, N.Y., 195–210.
Lyn, D. A., Einav, S., Rodi, W., and Park, J. H. (1995). “A laser-Doppler velocimetry study of ensemble-averaged characteristics of turbulent near wake of a square cylinder.” J. Fluid Mech., 304, 285–319.
Mittal, R., and Moin, P. (1997). “Suitability of upwind-biased finite difference scheme for large eddy simulation of turbulent flows.” AIAA J., 35, 1415–1417.
Najjar, F. M., and Tafti, D. K. (1996). “Study of discrete test filters and finite difference approximation for the dynamic subgrid-scale stress model.” Phys. Fluids, 8, 1076–1088.
Noda, H., and Nokayama, A. (2003). “Free-stream turbulence effects on the instantaneous pressure and forces on cylinders of rectangular cross section.” Exp. Fluids, 34, 332–344.
Norberg, C. (1993). “Flow around rectangular cylinders: Pressure forces and wake frequencies.” J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., 49, 187–196.
Okajima, A. (1982). “Strouhal numbers of rectangular cylinders.” J. Fluid Mech., 123, 379–398.
Orlanski, I. (1976). “A simple boundary condition for unbounded flows.” J. Comput. Phys., 21, 251–269.
Piomelli, U., and Liu, J. (1995). “Large-eddy simulation of rotating channel flows using a localized dynamic model.” Phys. Fluids, 7(4), 839–848.
Robichaux, J., Balachandar, S., and Vanka, S. P. (1999). “Three-dimensional Floquet instability of the wake of square cylinder.” Phys. Fluids, 11, 560–578.
Rodi, W., Ferziger, J. H., Breuer, M., and Pourquie, M. (1997). “Status of large eddy simulation: Results of workshop.” J. Fluids Eng., 119, 248–270.
Saha, A. K., Biswas, G., and Muralidhar, K. (1999). “Numerical study of the turbulent unsteady wake behind a partially enclosed square cylinder using RANS.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 178, 323–341.
Saha, A. K., Biswas, G., and Muralidhar, K. (2001). “Two-dimensional study of the turbulent wake behind a square cylinder subject to uniform shear.” J. Fluids Eng., 123, 595–603.
Saha, A. K., Biswas, G., and Muralidhar, K. (2003a). “Three-dimensional study of flow past a square cylinder at low Reynolds numbers.” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 24, 54–66.
Saha, A. K., Muralidhar, K., and Biswas, G. (2000). “Transition and chaos in two-dimensional flow past a square cylinder.” J. Eng. Mech., 126(5), 523–532.
Saha, A. K., Muralidhar, K., and Biswas, G. (2003b). “Investigation of two- and three-dimensional models of transitional flow past a square cylinder.” J. Eng. Mech., 129(11), 1320–1329.
Schumann, U. (1975). “Subgrid scale model for finite difference simulations of turbulent flows in plane channels and annuli.” J. Comput. Phys., 18, 376–404.
Shirayama, S. (1992). “Construction of modified third-order upwind schemes for stretched meshes.” AIAA J., 30, 1237–1242.
Smagorinsky, J. (1963). “General circulation experiments with primitive equations, I—The basic experiment.” Mon. Weather Rev., 91, 99–164.
Sohankar, A., Davidson, L., and Norberg, C. (2000). “Large eddy simulation of flow past a square cylinder: Comparsion of different subgrid scale models.” J. Fluids Eng., 122, 39–47.
Sohankar, A., Norberg, C., and Davidson, L. (1999). “Simulation of unsteady three-dimensional flow around a square cylinder at moderate Reynolds numbers.” Phys. Fluids, 11, 288–306.
Wang, G., and Vanka, S. P. (1996). “Large-eddy simulations of high Reynolds number turbulent flow over a square cylinder.” Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Rep. No. CFD 96-02, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Ill.
Williamson, C. H. K. (1988). “The existence of two stages in the transition to three-dimensionality of a cylinder wake.” Phys. Fluids, 31, 3165–3168.
Zang, Y., Street, R. L., and Koseff, J. R. (1993). “A dynamic subgrid-scale model and its application to turbulent recirculating flows.” Phys. Fluids A, 5, 3186–3196.
Zheng, W., and Dalton, C. (1999). “Numerical prediction of force on rectangular cylinders in oscillating viscous flow.” J. Fluids Struct., 13, 225–249.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 1, 2004
Accepted: Aug 5, 2005
Published online: Mar 1, 2006
Published in print: Mar 2006
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Robert J. Martinuzzi
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.