Urban Particle Capture in Bioretention Media. II: Theory and Model Development
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Volume 134, Issue 6
Abstract
As a novel stormwater best-management practice, using a soil/sand/mulch mixture to capture urban pollutants while promoting infiltration, the unique media composition renders bioretention significantly different from conventional sand filters. In this work, a three-layer model is presented to describe particulate capture in bioretention media employing parameter calibration and presensitivity analysis. Since the fine size of bioretention media strictly limits the particulate penetration distance, the media column is modeled as a pristine zone (bottom), a working zone (middle), and a cake zone (top). Mechanisms of both depth filtration and cake filtration are examined through mass balances, which show that both are significant. The developed resistance of each layer due to solid deposition was also estimated. Experimental data for different media/TSS-type combinations of selected experimental trials were used in parameter calibration. The calibrated model successfully predicted the effluent TSS and media hydraulic conductivity of subsequent trials with appropriate boundary and initial conditions as input. A weighted combination of calibrated parameters from different TSS types also agreed well with media behavior for treating a complex TSS mixture. The results of media replacement (top removal and refill) simulation also reasonably fit experimental data. Using proper assumptions, a long-term scenario analysis for permeability reduction was performed for a field bioretention facility. Based on modeling results, this study recommends a shallow bioretention media depth design, an annual or biannual field inspection schedule, and periodic media replacement maintenance.
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Acknowledgments
The writers would like to express their gratitude to the District of Columbia Department of Health (DOH), Environmental Health Administration for financial support, and to the Prince George’s County’s Public Works for providing bioretention media (Soil I). We also would like to thank Ameya Pradhan, Chen Chiu, Jim Stagge, and Walter Caldwell for their help with the field sample collections, as well as Maria Chang for her help in the laboratory experiments.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 134 • Issue 6 • June 2008
Pages: 419 - 432
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Apr 6, 2007
Accepted: Oct 8, 2007
Published online: Jun 1, 2008
Published in print: Jun 2008
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