Bore Impact on Decks of Coastal Structures
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 2
Abstract
Bore impact on horizontal fixed decks of coastal structures is studied by use of the Level I Green–Naghdi (GN) equations and the Navier–Stokes (NS) equations. The bore is generated by the breaking of a water reservoir, and may represent the propagation of a tsunami on land or broken storm waves. The bore-induced horizontal and vertical forces are determined and their variation with the bore and deck conditions is studied in this work. Various conditions of deck location with respect to the water level are considered, including cases with the deck under or above the still-water level. Two types of bore are considered, namely (i) a bore generated by a dam break, where the reservoir water depth is substantially larger than the downstream depth, and (ii) a bore generated by an initial mound of water, where the reservoir water depth is comparable to the downstream depth. It is shown that these mechanisms result in the formation of significantly different bore shapes. It is also shown that the relative height of the reservoir and the downstream water depth play a significant role in the bore generation and its impact on coastal structures. It is also found that the bore-induced forces vary almost linearly with the change in amplitude of the reservoir, while a change in the length of the reservoir has little effect on the loads. The horizontal force on submerged decks is shown to be independent of the submergence depth of the deck; this is due to the uniform velocity distribution over the water column of the bore. Results of the GN and NS models are compared with each other for submerged cases and the limitations, accuracy, and efficiency of these models in studying this problem are discussed. Results of the GN equations are in close agreement with the NS equations, making them a computationally efficient alternative for the study of this problem.
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Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 2 • March 2022
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 29, 2020
Accepted: Sep 22, 2021
Published online: Nov 22, 2021
Published in print: Mar 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Apr 22, 2022
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