Port Construction Planning: Automated System for Projecting Expansion Needs
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 6
Abstract
The growing demand for maritime transport imposes several challenges to port authorities, including reducing port congestion, planning for expansion projects, and allocating budgets for such capital projects. To address these construction planning problems, there is a vital need to identify the factors that influence port congestion and understand their impact on port expansion and reconstruction planning. This study focuses on: (1) identifying the decision variables that influence port expansion and reconstruction decisions; (2) modeling the impacts of these variables on the decision to expand a port; and (3) developing an automated system to forecast port expansion needs. The automated system employs a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model that is designed to predict port performance, given a projected increase in cargo demand. The developed model is empirically validated using real data acquired from Shuwaikh Port. For the projected 1.8% increase in cargo demand, it was concluded that the port will need expansion in 8 years. The present study contributes to the core body of knowledge of port construction engineering and management by providing a novel model and a practical automated system for projecting port expansion needs using real-time port data. This should prove useful to port authorities and construction planners as it facilitates the advancement of port construction planning, enhances port operational safety, and provides the capacity to predict port expansion and modernization needs.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their profound gratitude toward Sheikh Yousef Abdullah Al-Sabah, General Manager of Kuwait Ports Authority, for his assistance in investigating Shuwaikh Port. The authors are also immensely grateful to Dr. Ghanima Al-Sharrah for providing insight and expertise that greatly assisted this research.
References
Al-Hemoud, A. M., M. Al-Sudairawi, S. Neelamani, A. Naseeb, and W. Behbehani. 2017. “Socioeconomic effect of dust storms in Kuwait.” Arabian J. Geosci. 10: 18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2816-9.
Al-Sudairawi, M., S. Neelamani, and A. N. Al-Dabbous. 2011. “Probability and statistical analysis of total suspended particulate in Kuwait.” Int. J. Earth Sci. Eng. 4 (5): 762–776.
Dekker, S., R. Verhaeghe, and B. Wiegmans. 2011. “Economically-efficient port expansion strategies: An optimal control approach.” Transp. Res. Part E 47 (2): 204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2010.10.003.
DESA, U.N. (Department for Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations). 2017. “World population prospects: The 2017 revision, volume I: Comprehensive tables.” (ST/ESA/SER.A/399). United Nations Department for Economic and Social Affairs. Accessed June 3, 2018. https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2017_Volume-I_Comprehensive-Tables.pdf.
Diaz-Hernandez, G., I. J. Losada, and F. J. Mendez. 2017. “Improving construction management of port infrastructures using an advanced computer-based system.” Autom. Constr. 81: 122–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.06.020.
Di Vaio, A., L. Varriale, and F. Alvino. 2018. “Key performance indicators for developing environmentally sustainable and energy efficient ports: Evidence from Italy.” Energy Policy 122: 229–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.07.046.
García-Morales, R. M., A. Baquerizo, and MÁ Losada. 2015. “Port management and multiple-criteria decision making under uncertainty.” Ocean Eng. 104: 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.05.007.
Ilie, A., C. Oprea, S. Olteanu, O. Dinu, and F. Ruscă. 2019. “An heuristic model for port optimization.” Procedia Manuf. 32: 975–982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.311.
Iris, Ç, E. Lalla-Ruiz, J. S. L. Lam, and S. Voß. 2018. “Mathematical programming formulations for the strategic berth template problem.” Comput. Ind. Eng. 124: 167–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2018.07.003.
Khalafallah, A., and K. El-Rayes. 2008. “Minimizing construction-related security risks during airport expansion projects.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 134 (1): 40–48. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2008)134:1(40).
Khalafallah, A., and K. El-Rayes. 2011. “Automated multi-objective optimization system for airport site layouts.” Autom. Constr. 20 (4): 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2010.11.001.
KPA (Kuwait Ports Authority). 2016. “Shuwaikh Port.” Kuwait Ports Authority. Accessed April 24, 2018. http://www.kpa.gov.kw/shuwaikh-port.html.
Neelamani, S., L. Al-Awadhi, A. Al-Ragum, and M. Al-Sudairawi. 2007. “Extreme wind speed from different directions in Kuwait.” Wind Eng. 31 (3): 139–148. https://doi.org/10.1260/030952407781998846.
Neelamani, S., L. Al-Awadi, F. Al-Shatti, M. Al-Khaldi, M. Abdullah, and M. Hussain. 2014. “Extreme wind and gust speed at the territorial waters of Kuwait, Arabian gulf.” Wind Eng. 38 (1): 39–71. https://doi.org/10.1260/0309-524X.38.1.39.
Niswari, A. 2005. “Container terminal expansion to build capacity: a case study.” M.Sc. thesis, Marine Economics and Logistics, Erasmus Univ.
Noritake, M. 1985. “Congestion cost and pricing of seaports.” J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng. 111 (2): 354–370. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(1985)111:2(354).
O’Connor, J. T., and B. D. Mock. 2019. “Construction, commissioning, and startup execution: Problematic activities on capital projects.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 145 (4): 04019009. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001621.
Paelinck, H. C., and J. H. Paelinck. 1998. “Queuing problems and optimal design of container ports.” Tijdschr. Vervoerswetenschap 98 (3): 307–316.
Park, N. K., D. G. Yoon, and S. K. Park. 2014. “Port capacity evaluation formula for general cargo.” Asian J. Shipping Logist. 30 (2): 175–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsl.2014.09.003.
Rakha, K. A., K. Al-Salem, and S. Neelamani. 2007. “Hydrodynamic atlas for Kuwaiti territorial waters.” Kuwait J. Sci. Eng. 34 (1A): 143–156.
Shi, W., and K. X. Li. 2017. “Themes and tools of maritime transport research during 2000-2014.” Marit. Policy Manage. 44 (2): 151–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839.2016.1274833.
Subramaniam, N., M. Al-Sudairawi, A. Al-Dousari, and N. Al-Dousari. 2015. “Probability distribution and extreme value analysis of total suspended particulate matter in Kuwait.” Arabian J. Geosci. 8 (12): 11329–11344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2008-z.
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development). 2018. Review of maritime transport. UNCTAD/RMT/2018. New York: United Nations.
Venturini, G., Ç Iris, C. A. Kontovas, and A. Larsen. 2017. “The multi-port berth allocation problem with speed optimization and emission considerations.” Transp. Res. Part D 54: 142–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2017.05.002.
Xiang, X., C. Liu, and L. Miao. 2018. “Reactive strategy for discrete berth allocation and quay crane assignment problems under uncertainty.” Comput. Ind. Eng. 126: 196–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2018.09.033.
Yazdani, M., M. R. Abdi, N. Kumar, M. Keshavarz-Ghorabaee, and F. T. Chan. 2019. “Improved decision model for evaluating risks in construction projects.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage. 145 (5): 04019024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001640.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 146 • Issue 6 • November 2020
Copyright
© 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 9, 2020
Accepted: May 21, 2020
Published online: Aug 12, 2020
Published in print: Nov 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jan 12, 2021
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.