Analysis Method of Terminal Throughput Capacity for Coal Export Terminals
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 1
Abstract
Considering the limitations of previous calculation methods for the throughput capacity of coal export terminals, this paper proposes a new analysis method for terminal throughput capacity on the basis of a computer simulation model. The simulation analysis model was built considering many certain factors, such as terminal layout, a loading and unloading process scheme, equipment efficiency, and several uncertain parameters, such as the frequency of ships to the terminal, frequency of trains going to the terminal, and shiploads. The simulation model has two characteristics. First, to describe the status of it more accurately in the model, a coal stockyard was divided into small grids. Second, two logical structures for the model are proposed in this paper: the train arrival plan that was informed by the ship arrival plan, and the ship arrival plan and the train arrival plan, which are independent of each other. Applying the simulation model to a coal terminal shows that the error between the calculation results and the actual throughput is very small, thus verifying the accuracy of the analysis method. The model can be used not only to calculate the throughput capacity of a coal export terminal but also to analyze capacity changes for varying storage times, shiploads, and frequencies of ships going to the terminal.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Angelelli, E., Kalinowski, T., Kapoor, R., and Savelsbergh, M. W. P. (2016). “A reclaimer scheduling problem arising in coal stockyard management.” J. Scheduling, 19(5), 563–582.
Binkowski, M., and McCarragher, B. J. (1999). “A queueing model for the design and analysis of a mining stockyard.” Discrete Event Dyn. Syst., 9(1), 75–98.
Boland, N., Gulczynski, D., and Savelsbergh, M. (2012). “A stockyard planning problem.” EURO J. Transp. Logist., 1(3), 197–236.
Bugaric, U., and Petrovic, D. (2007). “Increasing the capacity of terminal for bulk cargo unloading.” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, 15(10), 1366–1381.
Bugaric, U. S., Petrovic, D. B., Jeli, Z. V., and Petrovic, D. V. (2012). “Optimal utilization of the terminal for bulk cargo unloading.” Simulation, 88(12), 1508–1521.
Canonaco, P., Legato, P., Mazza, R. M., and Musmanno, R. (2008). “A queuing network model for the management of berth crane operations.” Comput. Oper. Res., 35(8), 2432–2446.
Demirci, E. (2003). “Simulation modelling and analysis of a port investment.” Simulation, 79(2), 94–105.
Han, M., Li, P., and Sun, J. (2006). “The algorithm for berth scheduling problem by the hybrid optimization strategy GASA.” Proc., 9th Int. Conf., Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision, IEEE, New York, 1–4.
Harris, G. A., Holden, A. R., Schroer, B. J., and Möeller, D. P. F. (2008). “A simulation approach to evaluating productivity improvement at a seaport coal terminal.” Transp. Res. Rec., 2062, 19–24.
Kia, M., Shayan, E., and Ghotb, F. (2002). “Investigation of port capacity under a new approach by computer simulation.” Comput. Ind. Eng., 42(2-4), 533–540.
Kim, B.-I., et al. (2011). “Scheduling of raw-material unloading from ships at a steelworks.” Prod. Plann. Control, 22(4), 389–402.
Kim, K. H., and Park, Y. M. (2004). “A crane scheduling method for port container terminals.” Eur. J. Oper. Res., 156(3), 752–768.
Legato, P., and Mazza, R. M. (2001). “Berth planning and resources optimisation at a container terminal via discrete event simulation.” Eur. J. Oper. Res., 133(3), 537–547.
Legato, P., and Mazza, R. M. (2013). “Addressing robust berth planning under uncertainty via simulation based optimization.” Proc., 12th Int. Conf. on Modelling and Applied Simulation, Cal-Tek s.r.l., Rende, Italy, 144–152.
Legato, P., Trunfio, R., and Meisel, F. (2012). “Modeling and solving rich quay crane scheduling problems.” Comput. Oper. Res., 39(9), 2063–2078.
Pachakis, D., and Kiremidjian, A. S. (2003). “Ship traffic modeling methodology for ports.” J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng., 193–202.
Park, N. K. (2006). “Ship-berth link performance evaluation: Simulation and analytical approaches.” Marit. Policy Manage., 33(3), 281–299.
Petrovic, D. (2002). “Modeling and simulation of specialized river terminals for bulk cargo unloading with modeling of the elementary sub-systems.” Syst. Anal. Modell. Simul., 42(10), 1455–1482.
Pratap, S., Daultani, Y., Tiwari, M. K., and Mahanty, B. (2015). “Rule based optimization for a bulk handling port operations.” J. Intell. Manuf., 1–25.
Robenek, T., Umang, N., Bierlaire, M., and Ropke, S. (2014). “A branch-and-price algorithm to solve the integrated berth allocation and yard assignment problem in bulk ports.” Eur. J. Oper. Res., 235(2), 399–411.
Shabayek, A. A., and Yeung, W. W. (2002). “A simulation model for the Kwai Chung container terminals in Hong Kong.” Eur. J. Oper. Res., 140(1), 1–11.
Tengku-Adnan, T., Sier, D., and Ibrahim, R. N. (2009). “Performance of ship queuing rules at coal export terminals.” Proc., IEEE Int. Conf., Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, IEEE, New York, 1795–1799.
Vianen, T. V., Ottjes, J., and Lodewijks, G. (2014a). “Simulation-based determination of the required stockyard size for dry bulk terminals.” Simul. Model. Pract. Theory, 42(3), 119–128.
Vianen, T. V., Ottjes, J., and Lodewijks, G. (2014b). “Simulation-based rescheduling of the stacker–reclaimer operation.” J. Comput. Sci., 10(Sep), 149–154.
WITNESS [Computer software]. Lanner, Henley-in-Arden, U.K.
Won, S. H., Zhang, X., and Kim, K. H. (2012). “Workload-based yard-planning system in container terminals.” J. Intell. Manuf., 23(6), 2193–2206.
Zhen, L., Lee, L. H., and Chew, E. P. (2011). “A decision model for berth allocation under uncertainty.” Eur. J. Oper. Res., 212(1), 54–68.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 1 • January 2018
Copyright
© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 21, 2016
Accepted: Jun 13, 2017
Published online: Oct 23, 2017
Published in print: Jan 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Mar 23, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.