Influence of Clay Content on Wave-Induced Liquefaction
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 6
Abstract
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the influence of clay content (CC) on liquefaction of seabed beneath progressive waves. Experiments were, for the most part, conducted with silt and silt-clay mixtures; in supplementary tests, sand-clay mixtures were used. Two types of measurements were carried out: (1) pore-water pressure measurements across the soil depth and (2) water-surface elevation measurements. These measurements were synchronized with video recordings of the liquefaction process from the side. The ranges of the various quantities in the experiments were wave height , wave period , and water depth . The experiments showed that the influence of CC on wave-induced liquefaction is very significant. Susceptibility of silt to liquefaction was increased with increasing CC up to (which is clay-specific), beyond which the mixture of silt and clay was not liquefied. Sand may become prone to liquefaction with the introduction of clay, contrary to the general perception that this type of sediment is normally liquefaction-resistant under waves. For instance, sand with was liquefied with , whereas sand with was partially liquefied with CC as small as 2.9%. Remarks are made as to how to check for liquefaction of clayey soils exposed to waves in real-life situations.
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Acknowledgments
This study has been partially funded by (1) the Danish Council for Strategic Research, through the research program Seabed and Wind Farm Interaction and (2) the EU commission, through the FP-7 project Innovative Multi-Purpose Offshore Platforms: Planning Design and Operation (MERMAID, G.A. No. 288710). Dr. Kirca also acknowledges the support from the Postdoctoral Grant from the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK).
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Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 6 • November 2014
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 13, 2013
Accepted: Nov 25, 2013
Published online: Nov 27, 2013
Discussion open until: Aug 19, 2014
Published in print: Nov 1, 2014
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