Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics Numerical Modeling of Structures Impacted by Tsunami Bores
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140, Issue 1
Abstract
Recently, major tsunami events have resulted in considerable damage to low-lying coastal developments as well as significant loss of life. This is owing to the fact that coastal communities and associated infrastructure are not able to withstand the extreme hydrodynamic forces induced by the overland progression of large tsunami waves. This paper reports the findings of a study, which is part of an ongoing comprehensive (hydraulic-structural engineering) research program initiated at the University of Ottawa in Canada. The goals of the latter are to contribute to the understanding and quantification of extreme hydrodynamic impacts on structural elements, and to the development of design guidelines for structures located in tsunami-prone areas. In this study, a single-phase three-dimensional (3D) weakly compressible smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (WCSPH) model is used to investigate the hydrodynamic forces, induced by the impact of rapidly advancing tsunami-like hydraulic bores, on a freestanding column of a square cross section. Numerical time histories of the water surface elevation and net base horizontal force acting on the column are compared with the results of large-scale physical experiments, conducted by the authors as part of an experimental component of this research program. The experiments were performed on the basis of analogies between tsunami bores and dam-break waves. The bore–structure interaction is analyzed in detail as the validated numerical model is subsequently applied to additionally investigate the influence of laboratory channel geometry on the results.
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Acknowledgments
This study is part of a comprehensive research program, the focus of which is to develop new design guidelines for onshore structures that may be exposed to tsunami-induced loadings. The study was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through the Discovery Grant. The authors also acknowledge the contribution of Mr. Taofiq Al-Faesly, Ph.D. student at the University of Ottawa, who performed part of the physical experiments referred to in this paper.
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Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 140 • Issue 1 • January 2014
Pages: 66 - 81
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© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 27, 2012
Accepted: Jul 15, 2013
Published online: Jul 17, 2013
Published in print: Jan 1, 2014
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