Technical Papers
Jul 20, 2018

Efficient Modeling of Active Control Valves in Water Distribution Systems Using the Loop Method

Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 144, Issue 10

Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach to model pressure- and flow-regulating devices in the context of the Newton-Raphson loop method for water distribution network simulation. The proposed approach uses a symmetric matrix for the underlying linear systems, which enables simpler implementation and faster solution, while producing iterations very close to the global gradient algorithm of EPANET. The structure of the matrix is kept unchanged regardless of the operational status of the valves. The paper presents results that validate its formulation, accuracy, and speed in various case studies.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Abraham, E., and I. Stoianov. 2015. “Efficient preconditioned iterative methods for hydraulic simulation of large scale water distribution networks.” Procedia Eng. 119: 623–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.915.
Abraham, E., and I. Stoianov. 2016. “Sparse null space algorithms for hydraulic analysis of large-scale water supply networks.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 142 (3): 04015058. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001089.
Alvarruiz, F., F. Martínez-Alzamora, and A. M. Vidal. 2017a. “A toolkit for water distribution systems’ simulation using the loop method and high performance computing.” Procedia Eng. 186: 303–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.250.
Alvarruiz, F., F. Martínez-Alzamora, and A. M. Vidal. 2017b. “Improving the performance of water distribution systems simulation on multicore systems.” J. Supercomputing 73 (1): 44–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-015-1607-5.
Alvarruiz, F., F. Martínez-Alzamora, and A. M. Vidal. 2015. “Improving the efficiency of the loop method for the simulation of water distribution systems.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 141 (10): 04015019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000539.
Arsene, C., D. Al-Dabass, and J. Hartley. 2012. “A study on modeling and simulation of water distribution systems based on loop corrective flows and containing controlling hydraulics elements.” In Proc., Third Int. Conf. Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS), 2012, 423–430. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE.
Ateş, S. 2017. “Hydraulic modelling of control devices in loop equations of water distribution networks.” Flow Meas. Instrum. 53: 243–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2016.12.002.
Bartolín, H., F. Martínez-Alzamora, and J. A. Cortés. 2008. “Bringing up to date WDS models by querying. An EPANET-based GIS geodatabase.” In Proc., Eighth Annual Water Distribution Systems Analysis Symp. 2006. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Burger, G., R. Sitzenfrei, M. Kleidorfer, and W. Rauch. 2016. “Quest for a new solver for EPANET 2.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 142 (3): 04015065. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000596.
Creaco, E., and M. Franchini. 2014. “Comparison of Newton-Raphson global and loop algorithms for water distribution network resolution.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 140 (3): 313–321. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000825.
Creaco, E., and M. Franchini. 2015. “The identification of loops in water distribution networks.” Procedia Eng. 119: 506–515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.878.
Deuerlein, J., R. Cembrowicz, and S. Dempe. 2005. “Hydraulic simulation of water supply networks under control.” In Proc., World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Deuerlein, J., A. Simpson, and S. Dempe. 2009a. “Modeling the behavior of flow regulating devices in water distribution systems using constrained nonlinear programming.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 135 (11): 970–982. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000108.
Deuerlein, J., A. Simpson, and E. Gross. 2009b. “The never ending story of modeling control-devices in hydraulic systems analysis.” In Proc., Water Distribution Systems Analysis 2008. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Elhay, S., O. Piller, J. Deuerlein, and A. R. Simpson. 2016. “A robust, rapidly convergent method that solves the water distribution equations for pressure-dependent models.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 142 (2): 04015047. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000578.
Elhay, S., A. Simpson, J. Deuerlein, B. Alexander, and W. Schilders. 2014. “Reformulated co-tree flows method competitive with the global gradient algorithm for solving water distribution system equations.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 140 (12): 04014040. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000431.
EPANET. 2018. “EPANET Documentation.” Accessed June 29, 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-06/en2updates.txt.
Epp, R., and A. G. Fowler. 1970. “Efficient code for steady-state flows in networks.” J. Hydraul. Div. 96 (1): 43–56.
Farmani, R., D. A. Savic, and G. A. Walters. 2005. “Evolutionary multi-objective optimization in water distribution network design.” Eng. Optim. 37 (2): 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/03052150512331303436.
Guidolin, M., Z. Kapelan, and D. Savic. 2013. “Using high performance techniques to accelerate demand-driven hydraulic solvers.” J. Hydroinf. 15 (1): 38–54. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2012.198.
Jeppson, R. W. 1976. Analysis of flow in pipe networks. Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Science.
Mair, M., R. Sitzenfrei, M. Kleidorfer, and W. Rauch. 2014. “Performance improvement with parallel numerical model simulations in the field of urban water management.” J. Hydroinf. 16 (2): 477–486. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2013.287.
Ostfeld, A., et al. 2008. “The battle of the water sensor networks (BWSN): A design challenge for engineers and algorithms.” J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 134 (6): 556–568. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2008)134:6(556).
Piller, O., and J. van Zyl. 2014. “Modeling control valves in water distribution systems using a continuous state formulation.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 140 (11): 04014052. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000920.
Rossman, L. A. 1999. “Computer models/EPANET.” Chap. 12 in Water distribution systems handbook, edited by L. W. Mays, 12.1–12.23. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Simpson, A. 1999. “Modeling of pressure regulating devices: The last major problem to be solved in hydraulic simulation.” In Proc., 29th Annual Resources Planning and Management Conf. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Todini, E., and S. Pilati. 1988. “A gradient algorithm for the analysis of pipe networks.” In Computer applications in water supply: Vol. 1—Systems analysis and simulation, edited by B. Coulbeck, and C.-H. Orr, 1–20. Letchworth, Hertfordshire, England: Research Studies Press.
Todini, E., and L. A. Rossman. 2013. “Unified framework for deriving simultaneous equation algorithms for water distribution networks.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 139 (5): 511–526. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000703.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 144Issue 10October 2018

History

Received: Oct 6, 2017
Accepted: Apr 19, 2018
Published online: Jul 20, 2018
Published in print: Oct 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Dec 20, 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Associate professor, Dept. Sistemas Informáticos y Computación, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5957-9561. Email: [email protected]
Fernando Martínez Alzamora, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain. Email: [email protected]
Antonio M. Vidal, Ph.D. [email protected]
Professor, Dept. Sistemas Informáticos y Computación, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share