Pipe Roughness Estimation in Water Distribution Networks Using Head Loss Adjustment
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 143, Issue 5
Abstract
To estimate pipe roughness in water distribution networks, a parameter estimation method based on head loss adjustment is proposed. In order to minimize the sum of the squares of the corrections of pipe head losses, pipe head losses simulated by EPANET are adjusted by using weighted least squares (WLS) constrained by head measurements. Pipe roughness (the Hazen-Williams C-factor) is computed by using the ratio of simulated to adjusted head losses, while the outliers are detected and removed by using boundary-fence and gross-error-detection techniques. The iterative loops of model simulation and head loss adjustment under multiple operating conditions support that pipe roughness can be realistically estimated even when nodal demands and head measurements are noisy. The method was verified on a hypothetical network and part of a real network from the literature. The results show that the method is effective for pipe roughness estimation.
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Acknowledgments
The study was developed within the framework of the Second Liaoning Medium Cities Infrastructure Project, GEF Grant Number TF057757_CHA, and partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 41371437. The author wishes to thank the reviewers, especially Dr. Walski, for their thorough and insightful review that improved the quality of the paper.
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Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 143 • Issue 5 • May 2017
Copyright
©2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 31, 2015
Accepted: Oct 20, 2016
Published ahead of print: Feb 2, 2017
Published online: Feb 3, 2017
Published in print: May 1, 2017
Discussion open until: Jul 3, 2017
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