Optimal Pump Scheduling in Water Distribution Systems Using Graph Theory under Hydraulic and Chlorine Constraints
Publication: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 142, Issue 10
Abstract
Finding the optimal pump operation in water distribution systems, taking into account hydraulic and water quality constraints, is a complex problem due to the nonlinear relationship between dynamic head loss and flow rate and between chlorine decay and water age, and due to the size of the problem. The proposed algorithm, for minimum cost pump scheduling, utilizes the operational graph algorithm applied to hydraulic and quality constraints. The proposed algorithm utilizes a graph algorithm that considers hydraulic and water quality constraints to find the pump scheduling that minimizes pump operational costs. The algorithm has short solution times and therefore is suitable for real-time water system control or, if used offline, for giving a recommendation on the pump operation taking into account hydraulic and water quality constraints. The algorithm results were compared with the best results found by enumeration to show that the operational graph algorithm returns a global minimal solution and, when combined with quality constraints, returns near-optimal results. The proposed algorithm was successfully demonstrated on a 24-h example application with a single pumping unit and, on the C-Town example application, with 11 pumping units and 168 time steps.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Reviewers 1 and 3 for their thorough review and detailed comments, which greatly contributed to the paper. This study was supported by the Technion Grand Water Research Institute, by the joint Israeli Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) Ministry of Science, Technology and Space (MOST), and by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under Project No. 02WA1298.
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Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 142 • Issue 10 • October 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 24, 2015
Accepted: Mar 14, 2016
Published online: Jun 7, 2016
Published in print: Oct 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Nov 7, 2016
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