TECHNICAL PAPERS
Apr 3, 2009

Estimation of Temperature Stress and Low-Temperature Crack Spacing in Asphalt Pavements

Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 10

Abstract

This paper presents an analytical approach for estimation of temperature stress in asphalt pavements. Nonlinear variation of temperature with respect to time as well as across the depth of the asphalt layer is considered. The derived stress profile is used to estimate the low-temperature crack spacing. The estimated crack spacing is found to compare well with that of observed in the field. The proposed approach has been illustrated through a numerical example.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Anderson, D. A., Lapalu, L., Marasteanu, M. O., Le Hir, Y. M., Planche, J. P., and Martin, D. (2001). “Low-temperature thermal cracking of asphalt binders as ranked by strength and fracture properties.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1766, 1–6.
Bali, N. P., and Iyengar, N. C. (2004). Engineering mathematics, Laxmi, New Delhi.
Barber, E. S. (1957). “Calculation of maximum pavement temperatures from weather reports.” Highway Research Board Bulletin 168, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1–8.
Bosscher, P. J., Bahia, H. U., Thomas, S., and Russell, J. S. (1998). “Relationship between pavement temperature and weather data: Wisconsin field study to verify superpave algorithm.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1609, 1–11.
Chang, H. S., Lytton, R. L., and Carpenter, H. S. (1976). “Prediction of thermal reflection cracks in West Texas.” Rep. No. TTI-2-8-73-18-3, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, Tex.
Chiasson, A. D., Yavuzturk, C., and Ksibai, K. (2008). “Linearized approach for predicting thermal stresses in asphalt pavements due to environmental conditions.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 20(2), 118–127.
Christison, J. T., Murray, D. W., and Anderson, K. O. (1972). “Stress prediction and low temperature fracture susceptibility of asphalt concrete pavements.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 41, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 494–523.
Clyne, T. R., Worel, B. J., and Marasteanu, M. O. (2007). Low temperature cracking performance at MnROAD, ⟨http://mnroad.dot.state.mn.us/research/lessons/lowtempcracking.pdf⟩ (Dec. 2007).
Dempsey, B. J., and Thompson, M. R. (1970). “A heat transfer model for evaluating frost action and temperature related effects in multilayered pavement system.” Highway Research Record. No. 342, National Research Council, 39–56.
Diefenderfer, B. K., Al-Qadi, I. L., and Diefenderfer, S. D. (2006). “Model to predict pavement temperature profile: Development and validation.” J. Transp. Eng., 132(2), 162–167.
Diefenderfer, B. K., Al-Qadi, I. L., and Reubush, S. D. (2002). “Prediction of daily temperature profile in flexible pavements.” Proc., Transportation Research Board 81st Annual Meeting (CD-ROM), Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Epps, A. (1998). “A comparison of measured and predicted low-temperature cracking conditions.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 67, AAPT, 277–310.
Epps, A. (2000). “Design and analysis system for thermal cracking in asphalt concrete.” J. Transp. Eng., 126(4), 300–307.
European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research. (1999). “Development of a new bituminous pavement design method.” Final Rep. No. 333, European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research, European Commission Directorate-General for Transport, Luxembourg.
Fabb, T. R. J. (1974). “The influence of mix composition, binder properties and cooling rate on asphalt cracking at low-temperature.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 43, North-Holland Publishing, Amsterdam, Holland, 285–331.
Findley, W. N., Lai, J. S., and Onaran, K. (1976). Creep and relaxation of non-linear viscoelastic materials: With an introduction to linear viscoelasticity, North-Holland, Amsterdam.
Finn, F., Saraf, C. L., Kulkarni, R., Nair, K., Smith, W., and Abdullah, A. (1977). “User’s manual for the computer program COLD.” NCHRP Rep. No. 1-10B, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Finn, F., Saraf, C. L., Kulkarni, R., Nair, K., Smith, W., and Abdullah, A. (1986). “Development of pavement subsystems.” NCHRP Rep. No. 291, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.
Fromm, H. F., and Phang, W. A. (1972). “A study of transverse cracking of bituminous pavements.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 41, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 383–423.
Haas, R., Meyer, F., Assaf, G., and Lee, H. (1987). “A comprehensive study of cold climate airport pavement cracking.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 56, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 198–245.
Hermansson, Å. (2000). “Simulation model for calculating pavement temperatures including maximum temperature.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1699, 134–141.
Hermansson, Å. (2001). “Mathematical model for calculation of pavement temperatures: Comparison of calculated and measured temperatures.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1764, 180–187.
Hills, J. F., and Brien, D. (1966). “The fracture of bitumens and asphalt mixes by temperature induced stresses.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 35, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 292–309.
Hiltunen, D. R., and Roque, R. (1994). “A mechanistic-based prediction model for thermal cracking of asphalt concrete pavements.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 63, AAPT, 81–108.
Ho, S., Zanzotto, L., and MacLeod, D. (2002). “Impact of different types of modification on low-temperature tensile strength and Tcritical of asphalt binders.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1810, 1–8.
Huang, Y. H. (2004). Pavement analysis and design, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, N.J.
Hulsey, J. L., and Powell, D. (1993). “Rational weather model for highway structures.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1393, 54–64.
Jumikis, A. R. (1955). The frost penetration problem on highway engineering, Rutgers University Press, N.J.
Jung, D. H., and Vinson, T. S. (1994). “Low-temperature cracking: test selection.” Rep. No. SHRP-A-400, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Kandhal, P. S., Dongre, R., and Malone, M. S. (1996). “Prediction of low-temperature cracking of Pennsylvania project using superpave binder specification.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 65, AAPT, 491–518.
Kanerva, H. K., Vinson, T. S., and Zeng, H. (1994). “Low-temperature cracking: field validation of the thermal stress restrained specimen test.” Rep. No. SHRP-A-401, Strategic Highway Research Program, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Oregon State Univ., Ore.
Kennedy, T. W., Huber, G. A., Harrigan, E. T., Cominsky, R. J., Hughes, C. S., Von Quintus, H., and Moulthrop, J. S. (1994). “Superior performing asphalt pavements (Superpave): The product of the SHRP asphalt research program.” Rep. No. SHRP-A-410, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., ⟨http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/shrp/SHRP-A-410.pdf⟩ (Nov. 2007).
Kliewer, J. E., Zeng, H., and Vinson, T. S. (1996). “Aging and low-temperature cracking of asphalt concrete mixtures.” J. Cold Reg. Eng., 10(3), 134–148.
Kreyszig, E. (1999). Advanced engineering mathematics, 8th Ed., Wiley, New York.
Li, X., Marasteanu, M. O., Dai, S., and Lukanen, E. (2005). “Prediction of low temperature crack spacing in asphalt pavements.” Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields, Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Li, X., Zofka, A., Li, X., Marasteanu, M. O., and Clyne, T. R. (2006). “Investigation of the low-temperature fracture properties of three MnROAD asphalt mixtures.” Rep. No. MN/RC-2006-15, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Littlefield, G. (1967). “Thermal expansion and contraction characteristics of Utah asphaltic concretes.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 36, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 673–702.
Liu, C., and Yuan, D. (2000). ““Temperature distribution in layered road structures.” J. Transp. Eng., 126(1), 93–95.
Long Term Pavement Performance. (2007). LTPP DataPave online, Release 21, LTPP Database, ⟨http://ltpp-products.com/DataPave/index.asp⟩ (Nov. 2007).
Luca, J., and Mrawira, D. (2005). “New measurement of thermal properties of superpave asphalt concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 17(1), 72–79.
Lytton, R. L., Pufahl, D. E., Michalak, C. H., Liang, H. S., and Dempsey, B. J. (1993). “An integrated model of the climatic effects on pavements.” FHWA Rep. No. RD-90-033, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.
Mamlouk, M. S., Witczak, M. W., Kaloush, K. E., and Hasan, N. (2005). “Determination of thermal properties of asphalt mixtures.” J. Test. Eval., 33(2), 1–9.
Marasteanu, M., Zofka, A., Turos, M., Li, X., Velasquez, R., Li, X., Buttlar, W., Paulino, G., Braham, A., Dave, E., Ojo, J., Bahia, H., Williams, C., Bausano, J., Gallistel, A., and McGraw, J. (2007). “Investigation of low temperature cracking in asphalt pavements national pooled fund study 776.” Rep. No. MN/RC 2007-43, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Marasteanu, M. O., Li, X., Clyne, T. R., Voller, V. R., Timm, D. H., and Newcomb, D. E. (2004). “Low temperature cracking of asphalt concrete pavements.” Rep. No. MN/RC- 2004-23, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Marshall, C., Meier, R. W., and Welsh, M. (2001). “Seasonal temperature effects on flexible pavements in Tennessee.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1764, 89–96.
Mehta, Y. A., Stoffels, S. A., and Christensen, D. W. (1999). “Determination of coefficient of thermal contraction of asphalt concrete using indirect tensile test hardware.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 68, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 349–368.
MnRoad. (2007). Minnesota Road Research Section, MnRoad Database, ⟨http://mnroad.dot.state.mn.us/research/cell_info/trackml_lv.asp⟩ (Dec. 2007).
Mohseni, A. (1998). “LTPP seasonal asphalt concrete pavement temperature models.” Rep. No. FHWA-RD-97-103, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C.
Monismith, C. L., Secor, G., and Secor, K. (1965). “Temperature induced stresses and deformations in asphalt concrete.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 34, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 248–279.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program. (2004). “Mechanistic-empirical design of new and rehabilitated pavement structures.” NCHRP Design Guide, Project 1-37A, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., ⟨http://www.trb.org/mepdg/guide.htm⟩ (Dec. 2006).
Ongel, A., and Harvey, J. (2004). “Analysis of 30 years of pavement temperatures using the enhanced integrated climate model (EICM).” Rep. Prepared for Pavement Research Centre, Univ. of California, Berkeley and Univ. of California, Davis, ⟨http://www.its.berkeley.edu/pavementresearch/Publications.htm#Reports⟩ (Dec. 2007).
Park, D., Buch, N., and Chatti, K. (2001). “Effective layer temperature prediction model and temperature correction via falling weight deflectometer deflections.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1764, 97–111.
Raad, L., Saboundjian, S., Sebaaly, P., and Epps, J. (1998). “Minimum pavement temperature modeling and mapping for Alaskan conditions.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1643, 86–94.
Ramadhan, R. H., and Wahhab, H. I. A. (1997). “Temperature variation of flexible and rigid pavements in Eastern Saudi Arabia.” Build. Environ., 32(4), 367–373.
Robert, L. (2002). “Rheological and fatigue characterisation of asphalt concrete mixtures using uniaxial testing.” Research Rep. No. TRITA-VT FR 02:02, Kungl Tekniska Högskolan, Sweden.
Ruth, B. E., Bloy, L. A. K., and Avital, A. A. (1982). “Prediction of pavement cracking at low temperatures.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 51, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 53–103.
Shen, W., and Kirkner, D. J. (1999). “Distributed thermal cracking of AC pavement with frictional constraint.” J. Eng. Mech., 125(5), 554–560.
Solaimanian, M., and Bolzan, P. (1993). “Analysis of the integrated model of climatic effects on pavements.” SHRP Rep. No. A-637, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Solaimanian, M., and Kennedy, T. W. (1993). “Predicting maximum pavement surface temperature using maximum air temperature and hourly solar radiation.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1417, 1–11.
Stoffels, S., and Kwanda, F. D. (1996). “Determination of the coefficient of thermal contraction of asphalt concrete using the resistant strain gage technique.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 65, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists (AAPT), Lino Lakes, Minn., 73–90.
Timm, D., and Voller, V. (2003). “Field validation and parametric study of a thermal crack spacing model.” Proc., Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 72, AAPT, 356–387.
Timm, D. H., Guzina, B. B., and Voller, V. R. (2003). “Prediction of thermal crack spacing.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 40, 125–142.
Vinson, T. S., Janoo, V. C., and Haas, R. C. G. (1989). “Low temperature and thermal fatigue cracking.” Summary Rep. NoSR-OSU-A-003A-89-1, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Williams, M. L., Landel, R. F., and Ferry, J. D. (1955). “The temperature dependence of relaxation mechanisms in amorphous polymers and other glass-forming liquids.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77(14), 3701–3707.
Yavuzturk, C., Ksaibati, K., and Chiasson, A. D. (2005). “Assessment of temperature fluctuations in asphalt pavements due to thermal environmental conditions using a two-dimensional transient finite-difference approach.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 17(4), 465–475.
Zeng, M., and Shields, D. H. (1999). “Nonlinear thermal expansion and contraction of asphalt concrete.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 26, 26–34.
Zhai, H., and Salomon, D. (2005). “Evaluation of low-temperature properties and the fragility of asphalt binders with non-Arrhenius viscosity-temperature dependence.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1901, 44–51.
Zhao, Y., and Kim, Y. R. (2003). “Time-temperature superposition for asphalt mixtures with growing damage and permanent deformation in compression.” Transp. Res. Rec., 1832, 161–172.
Zubeck, H. K., and Vinson, T. S. (1996). “Prediction of low-temperature cracking of asphalt concrete mixtures with thermal stress restrained specimen test results.” Transp. Res. Rec. 1545, 50–58.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Transportation Engineering
Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 135Issue 10October 2009
Pages: 745 - 752

History

Received: May 19, 2008
Accepted: Apr 2, 2009
Published online: Apr 3, 2009
Published in print: Oct 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Pabitra Rajbongshi [email protected]
Former Ph.D. Student (QIP), Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; currently, Dept. of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam 788 010, India. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Animesh Das [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share