First-Order Design of GPS Networks Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Publication: Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 3
Abstract
This paper discusses the optimization problem of first-order design (FOD) of global positioning system (GPS) networks. The classical least-squares technique was revised for the formulation of the objective function of FOD of geodetic networks. Furthermore, the efficacy of particle swarm optimization (PSO), an iterative heuristic global optimization technique influenced by group behavior of a social animal, was examined for solving the optimization problem of FOD of three example geodetic networks. It was observed that PSO efficiently provides an optimal solution with a high convergence rate.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewer for observations and valuable comments that improved the content of the manuscript.
References
Amiri-Simkooei, A. (1998). “Analytical methods in optimization and design of geodetic networks.” M.Sc. dissertation, Dept. of Surveying Engineering, K.N. Toosi Univ. of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Amiri-Simkooei, A. (2001a). “Comparison of reliability and geometrical strength criteria in geodetic networks.” J. Geod., 75(4), 227–233.
Amiri-Simkooei, A. (2001b). “Strategy for designing geodetic network with high reliability and geometrical strength.” J. Surv. Eng., 104–117.
Amiri-Simkooei, A. (2007). “Analytical first order design of geodetic networks.” Iran. J. Eng. Sci., 1(1), 1–12.
Amiri-Simkooei, A., Asgari, J., Zangeneh-nejad, F., and Zaminpardaz, S. (2012). “Basic concepts of optimization and design of geodetic networks.” J. Surv. Eng., 172–183.
Azencott, R. (ed.) (1992). Simulated annealing: Parallelization techniques, John Wiley, New York.
Bai, Q. (2010). “Analysis of particle swarm optimization algorithm.” Comput. Inf. Sci., 3(1), 180–192.
Banks, A. R. A., Vincent, J., and Anyakoha, C. (2007). “A review of particle swarm optimization. Part I: Background and development.” Nat. Comput., 6(4), 467–484.
Baselga, S. (2011). “Second order design of geodetic networks by the simulated annealing method.” J. Surv. Eng., 167–173.
Berné, J. L., and Baselga, S. (2004). “First-order design of geodetic networks using the simulated annealing method.” J. Geod., 78(1–2), 47–54.
Cross, P. A. (1985). “Numerical methods in network design.” Optimization and design of geodetic networks, E. W. Grafarend and F. Sanso, eds., Springer, New York, 429–435.
Dare, P., and Saleh, H. (2000). “GPS network design: Logistics solution using optimal and near optimal methods.” J. Geod., 74(6), 467–478.
Das, S., Abraham, A., and Konar, A. (2008). “Swarm intelligence algorithms in bioinformatics.” Stud. Comput. Intell., 94, 113–147.
Doma, M. I., and Sedeeak, A. A. (2014). “Comparison of PSO, GAs and analytical techniques in second-order design of deformation monitoring networks.” J. Appl. Geod., 8(1), 21–30.
Dwivedi, R., and Dikshit, O. (2013). “A comparison of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) in second order design (SOD) of GPS networks.” J. Appl. Geod., 7(2), 135–145.
Eberhart, R. C., and Kennedy, J. (1995). “A new optimizer using particle swarm theory.” Proc., Sixth Symp. on Micro Machine and Humn Science, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Service Center, Piscataway, NJ, 39–43.
Eberhart, R. C., and Shi, Y. (2000). “Comparing inertia weights and constriction factors in particle swarm optimization.” Proc., IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Service Center, Piscataway, NJ, 84–88.
Engelbrech., A. P. (2006). Fundamentals of computational swarm intelligence, John Wiley, New York.
Esgah, M., and Alizadeh-Khameneh, M. A. (2014). “The effect of constraints on bi-objective optimization of geodetic networks.” Acta Geod. Geophys., 50(4), 449–459.
Ghilani, C. D. (2010). Adjustment computations spatial data analysis, John Wiley, Hoboken, NJ.
Grafarend, E. W. (1974). “Optimization of geodetic networks.” Boll. Geod. Sci. Aff., 33(4), 351–406.
Haupt, R. L., and Haupt, S. E. (2004). Practical genetic algorithms, John Wiley, New York.
Horst, R., and Tuy, S. E. (2003). Global optimization: Deterministic approaches, Springer, Berlin.
Kiamehr, R. (2003). “Multi objective optimization of geodetic network.” Proc., Annual Geomatics 82 Conferences (CD-ROM), Iranian National Cartographic Centre, Tehran, Iran.
Kuang, S. L. (1991). “Optimization and design of deformation monitoring schemes.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Surveying Engineering, Technical Rep. 157, Univ. of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada.
Kuang, S. L. (1993). “Second‐order design: Shooting for maximum reliability.” J. Surv. Eng., 119(3), 102–110.
MATLAB 7.12.0 [Computer software]. MathWorks, Natick, MA.
Mehrabi, H., and Voosoghi, B. (2014). “Optimal observational planning of local GPS networks: Assessing an analytical method.” J. Geod. Sci., 4(1), 87–97.
Saleh, H. A., and Chelouah, R. (2004). “The design of global navigation satellite system networks using genetic algorithms.” J. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell., 17(1), 111–122.
Saleh, H. A., and Dare, P. (2002). “Heuristic methods for designing a global positioning system surveying network in the republic of Seychelles.” Arabian J. Sci. Eng., 26(1B), 73–93.
Xu, P. (2002). “A hybrid global optimization method: The one dimensional case.” J. Comput. Appl. Math., 147(2), 301–314.
Yetkin, M., Inal, C., and Yigit, C. O. (2009). “Use of the particle swarm optimization algorithm for second order design of levelling networks.” J. Appl. Geod., 3(3), 171–178.
Yetkin, M., Inal, C., and Yigit, C. O. (2011). “The optimal design of baseline configuration in GPS networks by using the particle swarm optimisation algorithm.” Surv. Rev., 43(323), 700–712.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 3 • August 2016
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 7, 2014
Accepted: Dec 1, 2015
Published online: Jan 28, 2016
Discussion open until: Jun 28, 2016
Published in print: Aug 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.