Modeling Crushed Concrete Depth and Its Impact on Anchors Shear Capacities
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 5
Abstract
Concrete anchors in base plate connections may develop large bending moments under shear. The moments were shown to be proportional to the length of laterally unsupported anchor shafts, referred to as the effective exposed length in this paper. This length includes an apparent exposed length measured from bottom of plate or leveling nut to the concrete surface in a stand-off connection and a crushed concrete depth below concrete surface. The paper reports a total of 12 shear tests of single anchors and 101 finite-element analyses to determine the factors critical to crushed concrete depths, including concrete and anchor materials, anchor diameters, and stand-off heights. The study shows that the crushed concrete depth increases with an increase in the diameter of an anchor and its ultimate tensile strength, and decreases with an increase in concrete strength and the stand-off height. Equations are proposed to estimate the effective exposed lengths and the shear capacities of anchors governed by steel. The design equations reasonably predicted the shear capacities of 153 experimental tests. The proposed concept of crushed concrete depths facilitates future research on the shear capacities of anchors governed by steel, although other models are available in the literature to explain the existing tests.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The laboratory tests were conducted with the assistance of Dr. Zhibin Lin in 2011 on specimens made by Petersen (2010) as part of his MS study at the University of Wisconsin (UWM). The China Scholarship Council provided funding for the first author’s 12-month visit at UWM in 2019. Dr. Keaton E. McBride provided additional details of his research. Any opinions, findings, and recommendations or conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the authors only.
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Information & Authors
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 5 • May 2022
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 9, 2021
Accepted: Dec 29, 2021
Published online: Feb 28, 2022
Published in print: May 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Jul 28, 2022
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