Data Papers
Dec 17, 2020

Open Access and Updated Human-Induced Load Data Set

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 3

Abstract

This paper reports a dataset that provides force time histories of various types of human-induced loads, including walking, jumping, and bouncing activities guided by metronome or music. The dataset contains 3,518 records collected from six experimental campaigns. Ground reaction forces of test subjects were measured using high-precision force plates for individuals and small groups, and the displacements of certain body parts of the test subjects were measured using three-dimensional motion capture technology for large crowds. All data records were converted to a unified format and uploaded to a published dataset. An accompanying website of the human-induced load dataset has also been designed and put online. The website provides a publicly available and type-classified data source of human-induced loads. The dataset will be updated by adding new measurements from both the authors and other researchers. To the author’s knowledge, this dataset is the first open access dataset for research on human-induced loads, which is of great significance to future studies on new and advanced load models to understand the crowd load mechanisms under different circumstances and to spark broader data sharing in this area. Moreover, this dataset helps design engineers select real human-induced loads for a time history analysis of structures and fosters future collaboration among researchers and engineers.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Data Availability Statement

Some or all of the data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available in a repository or online in accordance with funder data retention policies (an open access human-induced load dataset, DesignSafe-CI, https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-6nvb-4s40).

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51778465, U1711264, and 52008376).

References

Abrahamson, N. A., W. J. Silva, and R. Kamai. 2014. “Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions.” Earthquake Spectra 30 (3): 1025–1055. https://doi.org/10.1193/070913EQS198M.
Ancheta, T. D., et al. 2014. “NGA-West2 database.” Earthquake Spectra 30 (3): 989–1005. https://doi.org/10.1193/070913EQS197M.
Brownjohn, J. M. W., A. Pavic, and P. Omenzetter. 2004. “A spectral density approach for modelling continuous vertical forces on pedestrian structures due to walking.” Can. J. Civ. Eng. 31 (1): 65–77. https://doi.org/10.1139/l03-072.
Celik, O., C. Z. Dong, and F. N. Catbas. 2020. “Investigation of structural response under human-induced excitations using noise-assisted and adaptively transformed multivariate empirical mode decomposition.” J. Struct. Eng. 146 (4): 04020019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002511.
Chen, J., G. Li, and V. Racic. 2018. “A data-driven wavelet-based approach for generating jumping loads.” Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 106 (Jun): 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2017.12.013.
Chiou, B., R. Darragh, N. Gregor, and W. Silva. 2008. “NGA project strong-motion database.” Earthquake Spectra 24 (1): 23–44. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2894831.
Dallard, P., A. Flint, S. Le Bourva, A. Low, R. M. R. Smith, and M. Willford. 2001. “The London Millennium Footbridge.” Struct. Eng. 79 (22): 17–33.
de Brito, V. L., and R. L. Pimentel. 2009. “Cases of collapse of demountable grandstands.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 23 (3): 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000006.
Ellis, B. R., and T. Ji. 2004. “Loads generated by jumping crowds: Numerical modelling.” Struct. Eng. 82 (17): 35–40.
Jones, C. A., P. Reynolds, and A. Pavic. 2011. “Vibration serviceability of stadia structures subjected to dynamic crowd loads: A literature review.” J. Sound Vib. 330 (8): 1531–1566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.10.032.
Kano, M., et al. 2018. “Development of a slow earthquake database.” Seismol. Res. Lett. 89 (4): 1566–1575. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220180021.
Lee, S. H., K. K. Lee, S. S. Woo, and S. H. Cho. 2013. “Global vertical mode vibrations due to human group rhythmic movement in a 39 story building structure.” Eng. Struct. 57 (Dec): 296–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.09.035.
Parkhouse, J. G., and D. J. Ewins. 2006. “Crowd-induced rhythmic loading.” Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. Struct. Build. 159 (5): 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2006.159.5.247.
Racic, V., J. M. W. Brownjohn, and A. Pavic. 2010. “Reproduction and application of human bouncing and jumping forces from visual marker data.” J. Sound Vib. 329 (16): 3397–3416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2010.02.021.
Racic, V., and J. Chen. 2015. “Data-driven generator of stochastic dynamic loading due to people bouncing.” Comput. Struct. 158 (Oct): 240–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2015.04.013.
Racic, V., and A. Pavic. 2009. “Mathematical model to generate asymmetric pulses due to human jumping.” J. Eng. Mech. 135 (10): 1206–1211. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000044.
Ruiz-García, J., and J. C. Negrete-Manriquez. 2011. “Evaluation of drift demands in existing steel frames under as-recorded far-field and near-fault mainshock–aftershock seismic sequences.” Eng. Struct. 33 (2): 621–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.11.021.
Shen, J., X. Ren, Y. Zhang, and J. Chen. 2019. “Nonlinear dynamic analysis of frame-core tube building under seismic sequential ground motions by a supercomputer.” Soil Dyn. Earthquake Eng. 124 (Sep): 86–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.05.036.
Sim, J., A. Blakeborough, M. S. Williams, and G. Parkhouse. 2008. “Statistical model of crowd jumping loads.” J. Struct. Eng. 134 (12): 1852–1861. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:12(1852).
Van Nimmen, K., G. Lombaert, G. De Roeck, and P. Van den Broeck. 2014. “Vibration serviceability of footbridges: Evaluation of the current codes of practice.” Eng. Struct. 59 (Feb): 448–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.11.006.
Wang, J., J. Chen, Y. Yokoyama, and J. Xiong. 2020. “Spectral model for crowd walking load.” J. Struct. Eng. 146 (3): 04019220. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002514.
Wilson, M. P., G. R. Foulger, J. G. Gluyas, R. J. Davies, and B. R. Julian. 2017. “HiQuake: The human-induced earthquake database.” Seismol. Res. Lett. 88 (6): 1560–1565. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170112.
Xiong, J., and J. Chen. 2018. “Power spectral density function for individual jumping load.” Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 18 (02): 1850023. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455418500232.
Xiong, J., and J. Chen. 2019. “A generative adversarial network model for simulating various types of human-induced loads.” Int. J. Struct. Stab. Dyn. 19 (08): 1950092. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455419500925.
Xiong, J., and J. Chen. 2020. “An open access human-induced load dataset.” In DesignSafe-CI. Alexandria, VA: National Science Foundation. https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-6nvb-4s40.
Zeng, X., X. Lu, T. Y. Yang, and Z. Xu. 2016. “Application of the FEMA-P58 methodology for regional earthquake loss prediction.” Nat. Hazards 83 (1): 177–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-016-2307-z.
Zhou, X., J. Li, and J. Liu. 2016. “Vibration of prestressed cable RC truss floor system due to human activity.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (5): 04015170. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001447.
Živanović, S. 2012. “Benchmark footbridge for vibration serviceability assessment under the vertical component of pedestrian load.” J. Struct. Eng. 138 (10): 1193–1202. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000571.
Živanović, S., A. Pavic, and P. Reynolds. 2005. “Vibration serviceability of footbridges under human-induced excitation: A literature review.” J. Sound Vib. 279 (1–2): 1–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.01.019.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 147Issue 3March 2021

History

Received: Mar 4, 2020
Accepted: Oct 6, 2020
Published online: Dec 17, 2020
Published in print: Mar 1, 2021
Discussion open until: May 17, 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Jiecheng Xiong
Assistant Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou Univ., Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
Professor, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji Univ., Shanghai 200092, PR China; Professor, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinjiang Univ., Urumqi 830047, PR China (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share