Shake-Table Experimental Testing and Performance of Topped and Untopped Cross-Laminated Timber Diaphragms
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 4
Abstract
This paper presents the behavior of floor diaphragms of a shake-table experiment of a full-scale 2-story mass-timber building structure. The structure consists of glued-laminated timber beams and columns, and floors and walls were designed and built making use of cross-laminated timber panels. Two different floor systems were designed, where the roof consists of a topped cross-laminated timber (CLT)-concrete composite system, and the floor level consists of untopped CLT panels connected with plywood single-surface splines. The CLT floor systems were designed to remain essentially elastic over the whole series of shake-table tests, which included testing of three lateral force–resisting systems tested at three different seismic intensity levels (service level, design basis, and maximum considered earthquake) for a total of 34 shake-table earthquake tests. Results from the testing indicate that CLT diaphragms designed to remain essentially elastic based on basic principles of structural mechanics and existing test data can achieve desired seismic performance objectives. In addition, sources of overstrength in certain elements of the diaphragm need to be explicitly considered for a holistic diaphragm design.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available in a repository online in accordance with funder data retention policies, including Pei et al. (2019b) or upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service in cooperation with the Tallwood Design Institute under the Grant No. 58-0204-6-002. The second author would like to acknowledge the support of the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT), through Ph.D. Grant No. PD/BD/113679/2015 included in InfraRisk-PhD program. The second author would also like to acknowledge the support of Oregon State University during the period in which he was a visiting Ph.D. student at this institution. Additional thanks to Simpson Strong-Tie and DR Johnson for support. This research project was also supported by the National Science Foundation through a number of collaborative awards, including CMMI 1636164, CMMI 1634204, CMMI 1635363, CMMI 1635227, CMMI 1635156, and CMMI 1634628. The use of the NHERI experimental facility is supported by the National Science Foundation’s Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) Program. The authors would like to especially thank the NHERI at UCSD site management and staff, who helped greatly in the construction and testing program. The authors also would like to acknowledge individual industry collaborators and students who worked on this project, including Sarah Wichman, Jace Furley, Brian DeMeza, Gabriele Tamagnone, Daniel Griesenauer, Ethan Judy, Steven Kordziel, Aleesha Busch, Ali Hansan, Joycelyn Ng, Monica Y. Liu, Ata Mohseni, and Rita Barbosa. The opinions presented herein are solely those of the authors.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 147 • Issue 4 • April 2021
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 11, 2019
Accepted: Sep 14, 2020
Published online: Jan 21, 2021
Published in print: Apr 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Jun 21, 2021
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