Technical Papers
Apr 21, 2020

Probabilistic Life Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seasonal Corrosion-Fatigue Damage

Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 146, Issue 7

Abstract

The coupled effect of corrosion and fatigue deteriorates the performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. This paper proposes a novel framework for the probabilistic life prediction of aging RC structures under seasonal corrosion-fatigue damage based on the fracture mechanics and equivalent initial flaw size concept. A series of fatigue crack growth tests of steel bars in air and solution environments are conducted to simulate the fatigue crack growth behavior of rebar in different seasons. The framework includes three critical deterioration stages: corrosion initiation–pure fatigue crack growth, competition between corrosion pit growth and fatigue crack propagation, and structural failure. The chloride ingress, cyclic load, corrosion pit growth, concrete cracking, seasonal environmental variation, and corrosion pit-induced stress concentration are considered. Following that, an uncertainty model is established to incorporate various uncertainties associated with the load and environment. The characteristics of different stages are discussed. A parametric analysis is also performed to illustrate the influence of stress concentration, concrete severe cracking, and seasonal environmental variation on the life prediction results. Several conclusions are drawn and future work is discussed based on the proposed study.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The work reported here is conducted with financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51508036), the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (2015CB057705), Training Program for Excellent Young Innovators of Changsha (kq1802012), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2019JJ30024), the Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan (2019RS2035 and 2019SK2171), and Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate (CX2017B462). The support is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also appreciate the valuable comments from the anonymous reviewers to improve the quality of the paper.

References

Ahn, S. H., F. V. L. Jr, and M. M. Metzger. 1992. “Corrosion fatigue of an HSLA steel.” Fatigue Fract. Eng. M. 15 (7): 625–642. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1992.tb01302.x.
Apostolopoulos, C. A., S. Demis, and V. G. Papadakis. 2013. “Chloride-induced corrosion of steel reinforcement—Mechanical performance and pit depth analysis.” Constr. Build. Mater. 38 (2): 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.087.
Arya, C., and F. K. Ofori-Darko. 1996. “Influence of crack frequency on reinforcement corrosion in concrete.” Cement Concrete Res. 26 (3): 345–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(96)85022-8.
Asgari, M., R. Johnsen, and A. Barnoush. 2013. “Nanomechanical characterization of the hydrogen effect on pulsed plasma nitrided super duplex stainless steel.” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38 (35): 15520–15531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.08.137.
Bastidas-Arteaga, E., P. Bressolette, A. Chateauneuf, and M. Sánchez-Silva. 2009. “Probabilistic lifetime assessment of RC structures under coupled corrosion–fatigue deterioration processes.” Struct. Saf. 31 (1): 84–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2008.04.001.
Breña, S. F., M. A. Benouaich, M. E. Kreger, and S. L. Wood. 2005. “Fatigue tests of reinforced concrete beams strengthened using carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites.” ACI Struct. J. 102 (2): 305–313.
Cerit, M., K. Genel, and S. Eksi. 2009. “Numerical investigation on stress concentration of corrosion pit.” Eng. Facil. Anal. 16 (7): 2467–2472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2009.04.004.
Chen, G. S., K. C. Wan, M. Gao, R. P. Wei, and T. H. Flournoy. 1996. “Transition from pitting to fatigue crack growth—Modeling of corrosion fatigue crack nucleation in a 2024-T3 aluminum alloy.” Mat. Sci. Eng. A 219 (1–2): 126–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(96)10414-7.
Cheng, A., and N. Chen. 2017. “Fatigue crack growth modelling for pipeline carbon steels under gaseous hydrogen conditions.” Int. J. Fatigue 96 (Mar): 152–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2016.11.029.
Coca, F. J. O., M. U. L. Tello, C. Gaona-Tiburcio, J. A. Romero, A. Martínez-Villafañe, E. Maldonado, and F. Almeraya-Calderón. 2011. “Corrosion fatigue of road bridges: A review.” Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 6 (8): 3438–3451.
Deng, L., W. Yan, and L. Nie. 2019. “A simple corrosion fatigue design method for bridges considering the coupled corrosion-overloading effect.” Eng. Struct. 178 (Jan): 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.10.028.
Enright, M. P., and D. M. Frangopol. 1998. “Service-life prediction of deteriorating concrete bridges.” J. Struct. Eng. 124 (3): 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:3(309).
Faber, M. H., I. B. Kroon, E. Kragh, D. Bayly, and P. Decosemaeker. 2002. “Risk assessment of decommissioning options using Bayesian networks.” J. Offshore Mech. Arct. 124 (4): 231–238. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1491974.
Forman, R. G., and V. Shivakumar. 1986. “Growth behavior of surface cracks in the circumferential plane of solid and hollow cylinders.” Fract. Mech. 17 (Jan): 59–74. https://doi.org/10.1520/STP17388S.
GB/T50283-1999. 1999. Unified standard for reliability design of highway engineering structures. Beijing: Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China.
Gehlen, C., and P. Schiessl. 1999. “Probability-based durability design for the Western Scheldt Tunnel.” Struct. Concr. 2 (2): 1–7.
Guo, Q., J. Liu, M. Yu, and S. Li. 2015. “Effect of passive film on mechanical properties of martensitic stainless steel 15-5PH in a neutral NaCl solution.” Appl. Surf. Sci. 327 (Feb): 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.11.154.
Guo, Z., Y. Ma, L. Wang, X. Zhang, J. Zhang, C. Hutchinson, and I. E. Harik. 2020. “Crack propagation-based fatigue life prediction of corroded RC beams considering bond degradation.” J. Bridge Eng. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001592.
Jones, K., and D. W. Hoeppner. 2006. “Prior corrosion and fatigue of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy.” Corros. Sci. 48 (10): 3109–3122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.11.008.
Kang, J., X. Wang, J. Yang, and Y. Du. 2013. “Strengthening double curved arch bridges by using extrados section augmentation method.” Constr. Build. Mater. 41 (Apr): 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.115.
Kondo, Y. 1989. “Prediction of fatigue crack initiation life based on pit growth.” Corrosion 45 (1): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3577891.
Krasnowski, B. R., K. M. Rotenberger, and W. W. Spence. 1991. “A damage tolerance method for helicopter dynamic components.” J. Am. Helicopter Soc. 36 (2): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.4050/JAHS.36.52.
Liu, Y., and S. Mahadevan. 2009a. “Fatigue limit prediction of notched components using short crack growth theory and an asymptotic interpolation method.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 76 (15): 2317–2331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2008.06.006.
Liu, Y., and S. Mahadevan. 2009b. “Probabilistic fatigue life prediction using an equivalent initial flaw size distribution.” Int. J. Fatigue 31 (3): 476–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2008.06.005.
Ma, Y., Z. Guo, L. Wang, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu. 2018a. “Effects of stress ratio and banded microstructure on fatigue crack growth behavior of HRB400 steel bar.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 30 (3): 04017314. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002193.
Ma, Y., B. Lu, Z. Guo, L. Wang, H. Chen, and J. Zhang. 2019. “Limit equilibrium method-based shear strength prediction for corroded reinforced concrete beam with inclined bars.” Materials 12 (7): 1014. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071014.
Ma, Y., G. Wang, X. Su, L. Wang, and J. Zhang. 2018b. “Experimental and modelling of the flexural performance degradation of corroded RC beams under fatigue load.” Constr. Build. Mater. 191 (Dec): 994–1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.031.
Ma, Y., L. Wang, J. Zhang, Y. Xiang, T. Peng, and Y. Liu. 2015. “Hybrid uncertainty quantification for probabilistic corrosion damage prediction for aging RC bridges.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 27 (4): 04014152. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001096.
Ma, Y., Q. Wang, Z. Guo, G. Wang, L. Wang, and J. Zhang. 2017. “Static and fatigue behavior investigation of artificial notched steel reinforcement.” Materials 10 (5): 532–545. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10050532.
Ma, Y., Y. Xiang, L. Wang, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu. 2014. “Fatigue life prediction for aging RC beams considering corrosive environments.” Eng. Struct. 79 (Nov): 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.039.
Ma, Y., J. Zhang, L. Wang, and Y. Liu. 2013. “Probabilistic prediction with Bayesian updating for strength degradation of RC bridge beams.” Struct. Saf. 44 (Sep): 102–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2013.07.006.
Maaddawy, T. E., and K. Soudki. 2007. “A model for prediction of time from corrosion initiation to corrosion cracking.” Cem. Concr. Comp. 29 (3): 168–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2006.11.004.
Merati, A., and G. Eastaugh. 2007. “Determination of fatigue related discontinuity state of 7000 series of aerospace aluminum alloys.” Eng. Facil. Anal. 14 (4): 673–685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.02.016.
Nakamura, S., and K. Suzumura. 2013. “Experimental study on fatigue strength of corroded bridge wires.” J. Bridge Eng. 18 (3): 200–209. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000366.
Nan, Z. Y., S. Ishihara, and T. Goshima. 2008. “Corrosion fatigue behavior of extruded magnesium alloy AZ31 in sodium chloride solution.” Int. J. Fatigue 30 (7): 1181–1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.09.005.
Rostam, S. 2003. “Reinforced concrete structures–shall concrete remain the dominating means of corrosion prevention?” Mater. Corros. 54 (6): 369–378. https://doi.org/10.1002/maco.200390086.
Rusk, D. T., W. Hoppe, W. Braisted, and N. Powar. 2009. “Fatigue life prediction of corrosion-damaged high-strength steel using an equivalent stress riser (ESR) model. Part II: Model development and results.” Int. J. Fatigue 31 (10): 1464–1475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.06.008.
Schiess, P., and M. Raupach. 1997. “Laboratory studies and calculations on the influence of crack width on chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete.” ACI Mater. J. 94 (1): 56–62.
Schläfli, M., and E. Brühwiler. 1998. “Fatigue of existing reinforced concrete bridge deck slabs.” Eng. Struct. 20 (11): 991–998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00194-6.
Shi, P., and S. Mahadevan. 2001. “Damage tolerance approach for probabilistic pitting corrosion fatigue life prediction.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 68 (13): 1493–1507. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7944(01)00041-8.
Shipilov, S. A. 2002. “Location of the fracture process zone for hydrogen-induced corrosion fatigue crack propagation.” Scripta Mater. 47 (5): 301–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00142-2.
Stewart, M. G. 2009. “Mechanical behaviour of pitting corrosion of flexural and shear reinforcement and its effect on structural reliability of corroding RC beams.” Struct. Saf. 31 (1): 19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2007.12.001.
Stewart, M. G., and A. Al-Harthy. 2008. “Pitting corrosion and structural reliability of corroding RC structures: Experimental data and probabilistic analysis.” Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 93 (3): 373–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2006.12.013.
Sun, J., Q. Huang, and Y. Ren. 2015. “Performance deterioration of corroded RC beams and reinforcing bars under repeated loading.” Constr. Build. Mater. 96 (Oct): 404–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.066.
Thoft-christensen, P., F. M. Jensen, C. R. Middleton, and A. Blackmore. 1997. “Assessment of the reliability of concrete slab bridges.” In Reliability and optimization of structural systems, edited by D. M. Frangopol, R. B., Corotis, and R. Rackwitz, 321–328. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
Turnbull, A. 2001. “Modeling of the chemistry and electrochemistry in cracks—A review” Corrosion 57 (2): 175–189. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.3290342.
Vu, K. A. T., and M. G. Stewart. 2000. “Structural reliability of concrete bridges including improved chloride-induced corrosion models.” Struct. Saf. 22 (4): 313–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4730(00)00018-7.
Vu, K. A. T., and M. G. Stewart. 2005. “Predicting the likelihood and extent of reinforced concrete corrosion-induced cracking.” J. Struct. Eng. 131 (11): 1681–1689. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:11(1681).
Wang, L., L. Dai, H. Bian, Y. Ma, and J. Zhang. 2019. “Concrete cracking prediction under combined prestress and strand corrosion.” Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 15 (3): 285–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2018.1550519.
Xiang, Y., and Y. Liu. 2010. “EIFS-based crack growth fatigue life prediction of pitting-corroded test specimens.” Eng. Fract. Mech. 77 (8): 1314–1324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2010.03.018.
Yi, W., S. K. Kunnath, X. Sun, C. Shi, and F. Tang. 2010. “Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete beams with corroded steel reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J. 107 (5): 526–533.
Yuan, Y., Y. Ji, and J. Jiang. 2009. “Effect of corrosion layer of steel bar in concrete on time-variant corrosion rate.” Mater. Struct. 42 (10): 1443–1450. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-008-9464-9.
Zhang, W., Z. Ye, X. Gu, X. Liu, and S. Li. 2017. “Assessment of fatigue life for corroded reinforced concrete beams under uniaxial bending.” J. Struct. Eng. 142 (7): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.03.068.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 146Issue 7July 2020

History

Received: Nov 11, 2018
Accepted: Jan 8, 2020
Published online: Apr 21, 2020
Published in print: Jul 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Sep 21, 2020

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Key Laboratory of Bridge Engineering Safety Control, Dept. of Education, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, No. 960 Wanjiali Rd., Changsha, Hunan 410114, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5230-8192. Email: [email protected]
Zhongzhao Guo [email protected]
Doctoral Student, School of Civil Engineering, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, No. 960 Wanjiali Rd., Changsha, Hunan 410114, China. Email: [email protected]
Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, No. 960 Wanjiali Rd., Changsha, Hunan 410114, China (corresponding author). Email: [email protected]
Jianren Zhang [email protected]
Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Changsha Univ. of Science and Technology, No. 960 Wanjiali Rd., Changsha, Hunan 410114, China. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share