Impact of Axial Load on the Seismic Response of Rectangular Walls
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144, Issue 8
Abstract
Experimental testing was conducted on four large-scale, flexure-yielding walls with rectangular cross sections to investigate the impact of imposed axial load ratio (10, 14, and 20% of axial compression capacity) and transverse reinforcement detailing on the seismic performance, including damage and deformability. Variations in detailing included the inclusion or exclusion of crossties on web longitudinal reinforcement, the confined length of the boundary element, and the effectiveness of using full hoops versus 180–180° crossties in boundary elements. Failure was characterized by simultaneous crushing of the boundary element core concrete and buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement, except for one wall that failed by out-of-plane instability of the wall boundary element. The plastic rotations at lateral strength loss of 20% were on average 3.3, 2.7, and 2.1% for walls with axial load ratios of 0.1, 0.14, and 0.2, respectively. These rotations exceeded the codified limits used for assessment of structures in the United States but were below the codified limits used for design in New Zealand for axial load ratios exceeding 10%. A model for determining the plastic rotation capacity of rectangular walls as a function of the axial load is proposed.
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Acknowledgments
The research presented herein was funded by the Building Performance Branch of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. The authors would also like to acknowledge the assistance provided by Craig Stevenson, Des Bull, Rick van Ballegooy, Ashley Smith, and Weng Yuen Kam in wall design and Ross Reichardt, Mark Byrami, Mark Twiname, Andrew Virtue, Jay Naidoo, Shane Smith, Lucas Hogan, Vadim Shegay, Sean Lawrence, Enoch Korapatti, and Margaux Delair during wall construction and testing.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 144 • Issue 8 • August 2018
Copyright
©2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 11, 2017
Accepted: Feb 27, 2018
Published online: Jun 14, 2018
Published in print: Aug 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Nov 14, 2018
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