Simplified Derivation of a Damage Curve for Seismically Induced Beam Fractures in Steel Moment-Resisting Frames
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 6
Abstract
This paper presents a simplified method of deriving a novel damage curve to quantify the damage extent of seismically induced beam fractures in steel moment-resisting frames. The damage curve expresses a damage index as a function of reduction in bending stiffness at the fractured section, where the damage index is obtained by comparing strain responses measured on steel beams under ambient vibrations before and after earthquakes. A closed-form expression of the damage curve was formulated from a two-story two-bay frame model based on a parametric analysis conducted to examine relationships between the damage curve and various structural parameters. The notable finding from the parametric analysis was that the damage curve was primarily affected by the span-depth ratio of the monitored beam. Thus, the closed-form expression was demonstrated to be applicable to the construction of damage curves for common multi-story multi-bay steel moment-resisting frames. The effectiveness of the closed-form expression was verified numerically using a nine-story steel moment-resisting frame model and experimentally using a one-quarter-scale five-story steel frame testbed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26820230 and by the General Collaborative Research program of the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to Dr. Yongtao Bai, Ms. Kaede Minegishi, and Ms. Akiko Suzuki for their assistance in the vibration tests.
References
Celebi, M., Sanli, A., Sinclair, M., Gallant, S., and Radulescu, D. (2004). “Real-time seismic monitoring needs of a building owner–and the solution: A cooperative effort.” Earthquake Spectra, 20(2), 333–346.
FEMA. (2000). “State of the art report on systems performance of steel moment frames subject to earthquake ground shaking.”, Washington, DC.
Ji, X., Fenves, G., Kajiwara, K., and Nakashima, M. (2011). “Seismic damage detection of a full-scale shaking table test structure.” J. Struct. Eng., 14–21.
Kalkan, E., et al. (2012). “Advanced earthquake monitoring system for U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs medical buildings—Instrumentation.”, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
Kurata, M., Li, X., Fujita, K., and Yamaguchi, M. (2013). “Piezoelectric dynamic strain monitoring for detecting local seismic damage in steel buildings.” Smart Mater. Struct., 22(11), 115002.
Li, X., Kurata, M., and Nakashima, M. (2015). “Evaluating damage extent of fractured beams in steel moment-resisting frames using dynamic strain responses.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 44(4), 563–581.
Luco, N., and Cornell, C. A. (2007). “Structure-specific scalar intensity measures for near-source and ordinary earthquake ground motions.” Earthquake Spectra, 23(2), 357–392.
Luco, N., Mori, Y., Funahashi, Y., Cornell, C. A., and Nakashima, M. (2003). “Evaluation of predictors of non-linear seismic demands using ‘fishbone’ models of SMRF buildings.” Earthquake Eng. Struct. Dyn., 32(14), 2267–2288.
Lynch, P. J. (2005). “Design of a wireless active sensing unit for localized structural health monitoring.” Struct. Control Health Monit., 12(3-4), 405–423.
Mahin, S. (1998). “Lessons from damage to steel buildings during the Northridge earthquake.” Eng. Struct., 20(4-6), 261–270.
Marc [Computer software]. MSC Software, Newport Beach, CA.
Morita, K., Teshigawara, M., and Hamamoto, T. (2005). “Detection and estimation of damage to steel frames through shaking table tests.” Struct. Control Health Monit., 12(3-4), 357–380.
Naeim, F., Hagie, H., Alimoradi, A., and Miranda, E. (2005). “Automated post-earthquake damage assessment and safety evaluation of instrumented buildings.”, John A. Martin & Associates, Los Angeles.
Nakashima, M. (1995). “Reconnaissance report on damage to steel buildings structures observed from the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu (Hanshin/Awaji) earthquake, Abridged English edition.” Steel Committee of Kinki Branch, the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ), Tokyo.
Nakashima, M., Minami, T., and Mitani, I. (2000). “Moment redistribution caused by beam fracture in steel moment frames.” J. Struct. Eng., 137–144.
Park, J., Sim, S., and Jung, H. (2013). “Wireless sensor network for decentralized damage detection of building structures.” Smart Struct. Syst., 12(3-4), 399–414.
Roeder, C. W., and Foutch, D. A. (1996). “Experimental results for seismic resistant steel moment frame connections.” J. Struct. Eng., 122(6), 581–588.
Sinha, J. K., Friswell, M. I., and Edwards, S. (2002). “Simplified models for the location of cracks in beam structures using measured vibration data.” J. Sound Vibr., 251(1), 13–38.
Spencer, B. F., Jr., Ruiz-Sandoval, M. E., and Kurata, N. (2004). “Smart sensing technology: Opportunities and challenges.” Struct. Control Health Monit., 11(4), 349–368.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2016 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 18, 2015
Accepted: Nov 17, 2015
Published online: Jan 25, 2016
Published in print: Jun 1, 2016
Discussion open until: Jun 25, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.