Performance of a 2-Story CLT House Subjected to Lateral Loads
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142, Issue 4
Abstract
A 2-story full-scale model of a cross-laminated timber (CLT) house was tested under quasi-static monotonic and cyclic loading. The primary objectives were to investigate 3D system performance of a CLT structure subjected to lateral loads in terms of lateral strength and deformability capacity, global behavior of the structure, frequency response of the structure before and after each test, and performance of anchoring connectors (hold-downs, brackets) and connections between CLT panels. The house was in plan with a height of 4.8 m. A total of five (one push-over and four cyclic) quasi-static tests were performed, one direction at a time. Parameters, such as the direction of loading, number of hold-downs, and number of screws in perpendicular wall-to-wall connections, were varied in the tests. The CLT structure performed according to the design objectives, with the ultimate resistance being almost identical in both directions. Failure mechanisms, i.e., shear failure of nails in the brackets in the first story as a result of sliding and rocking of the CLT wall panels, were similar in all tests. Even after the maximum force was reached, no global instabilities of the house were detected. Torsion effects did not compromise the integrity, stability, or the lateral resistance of the building. The outcomes of the full-scale CLT house tests will be used for further analytical and numerical analyses to help the implementation of CLT as a structural system in the North American building codes and material standards.
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Acknowledgments
This research project was financially supported by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) under the Transformative Technologies Agreement between the Government of Canada and FPInnovations. The financial support of NRCan is greatly acknowledged. In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of all other members of the research team, especially Paul Symons, Phillip Eng, Tony Thomas, Johannes Schneider, Bill Deacon, Isaac Chiu, and John White of FPInnovations. Their sincere efforts greatly contributed to the successful completion of the research work presented.
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Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 142 • Issue 4 • April 2016
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 31, 2014
Accepted: Feb 26, 2015
Published online: May 28, 2015
Discussion open until: Oct 28, 2015
Published in print: Apr 1, 2016
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